Volokha M. Modeling of Mechanized Technological Processes of Growing and Harvesting Sugar Beet

The dissertation is devoted to increasing the productivity of sugar beet production by modeling technological processes and technical means of their cultivation and cleaning root crops when digging. The methods and structure of two-level modeling of a two-part mechanized technological process for obtaining seedlings of sugar beet, consisting of pre-sowing tillage and sowing, have been developed. An algorithm has been created for solving the optimization multi-criteria problem of obtaining maximum field germination of seeds by searching in the space for local performance criteria for individual technological operations. A set of machines has been developed and put into production for the implementation of a new method of growing and collecting sugar beets with a combined width (3×30 cm+1×45 cm) of row-spacing, which ensures an increase in the yield of root crops by 5.6–6.0 t/ha. The forms of new working surfaces of helicoidal auger-disk digging augers for the primary cleaning of dug root crops from soil and plant debris and trapezoidal tine-baking powder tools for pre-sowing tillage under conditions of increased and normal soil hardness are investigated. The obtained mathematical model of the movement of falling seeds during sowing by a pneumatic type apparatus, where it was found that the most favorable for uniform distribution of seeds along the row is the sowing rate of 7–8 pcs/m according to the working speed of the seeder 1.2–1.4 m/from. A device has been developed for presowing separation of seeds by weight within one fraction.