The dissertation is the first in Ukraine complex and systematic research of one of the fundamental problems of criminological science – the consequences of crime, on the basis of which they received their solution and further development of the issue of their scope and minimization. The need for the formation of a new kind of theory in modern criminological science – consensiology of crime (from the Latin «consequentia» – a consequence and the ancient Greek «λόγος» – doctrine) is substantiated.
The expediency of allocating two system components in the structure of consequences of crime is supported: 1) consequences of criminal behavior (direct consequences); 2) the costs of the state and society related to the prevention and counteraction to criminal behavior (indirect consequences). The generalization and systematization of classification schemes of crime consequences is carried out, which are proposed to be developed due to the criterion of content (character), regional criterion (domestic and international consequences of crime), temporal criterion (existing and perspective (forecasted) consequences of crime).
The monetary equivalent of the consequences of crime in the United States and some European countries (England and Wales, France, Germany, Poland), post-Soviet countries (the Republic of Latvia, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Armenia, the Kyrgyz Republic) has been determined. A comparative analysis of the positions of foreign criminologists and outlined the structure of losses from crime, taking into account the types of crimes and their severity; final recipients of the damage; costs of law enforcement.
Based on the generalization of statistical and sociological data, the volume of criminal mortality in Ukraine (violence in the form of unlawful deprivation of life, infliction of bodily harm; criminogenic consequences: motorization; industrial injuries, fires, accidents and man-made disasters; narcotics and alcoholism, suicidal behavior); determined the total amount of losses due to premature death due to criminal behavior.
The criminological dimension of the consequences of the international armed conflict in the East of Ukraine (socio-humanitarian, socio-economic, legal, socio-psychological and medical) has been clarified.
Using a tiered approach, the most significant intangible consequences of crime on the individual (post-traumatic and mental disorders of victims of crimes of individuals, criminal damage to the business reputation of legal entities), public (fear of crime, addiction to it, criminal subculture) and state («crisis of trust no the criminal justice authorities; reduction of the international image of the state») levels of manifestation.
The process of criminal law legislation in the structure of the consequences of crime is considered. The state and efficiency of criminal law legislation, in terms of its general direction, taking into account modern and objective knowledge about the criminogenic situation in the country, the advantages and disadvantages of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, as well as relevant draft law. The position of the importance of economic analysis of criminal law is substantiated, which will give a clearer understanding of the needs for changes in criminal law, the mechanism of its influence, resources of application and possible negative consequences. The activity of criminal justice bodies and courts in the structure of consequences of crime is considered. The dynamics of increasing material damage from crime at the same time with a low level of effective work of criminal justice bodies in the direction of their compensation has been established. The need to include the amounts of material damages from crime, prevented and reimbursed with the help of criminal justice bodies and the court, the dominant reasonable savings of their maintenance costs to the key criteria in the process of assessing the effectiveness of their work. The analysis of budget allocations to ensure the activities of criminal justice and court during 2015-2019. Given the stable dynamics of their growth, unreasonable disparity in funding, inconsistency of funding of individual bodies of efficiency, violation of the principle of economic feasibility and errors in the priority of problems. The cost of abuses and violations of the law by criminal justice bodies and courts at the national and international levels has been determined. The activity of the penitentiary system in the structure of the consequences of crime is considered. The main shortcomings that affect its efficiency and create an additional burden on the budget, and are manifested at the regulatory, economic and organizational and managerial levels (blocks).
