Dontsova T. Metal oxide nanomaterials and nanocomposites for ecological purposes

The dissertation is devoted to the creation of the newest nanomaterials and nanocomposites based on TiO2, ZrO2, SnO2, Fe3O4 for ecological applications with the subsequent development of unified technological scheme for the synthesis of TiO2, ZrO2, Fe3O4 individual phases, technological conditions for obtaining single-crystal SnO2 nanostructures of different morphology and technological schemes for creating nanocomposites of different composition. Individual TiO2, ZrO2, SnO2, Fe3O4 nanomaterials and nanocomposites based on them were synthesized by chemical precipitation, sol-gel technology, hydrothermal and CVD methods. They are characterized by XRD, electronic scanning and transmission spectroscopy, IR and Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is established that the synthesis method, precursor type and synthesis parameters have a significant influence on composition, nanostructurality, structural-adsorption characteristics and sorption-(photo)catalytic properties of nanomaterials. A unified technological scheme for obtaining metal oxide nanomaterials has been developed and its economic rationality has been substantiated, which, moreover, requires a small area to accommodate this production and allows obtaining of several metal oxides (TiO2, ZrO2, Fe3O4). A method for the synthesis of single-crystal SnO2 nanostructures of different morphology is proposed and recommendations for the directed synthesis of metal oxide nanomaterials are developed, taking into account the intended purpose. Basic technological schemes of nanocomposite synthesis have been developed: Saponite-Fe3O4 and activated carbon-ZrO2, which are simple and easy to operate. Preliminary calculations indicate the prospects for the implementation of these schemes in order to obtain new domestic nanocomposite sorption materials for usage in water treatment systems.