The oil and fat industry plays one of the key roles in Ukraine and it is one of he leading and mobile ones in the agro-industrial complex of the country. This is probably the only industry that is experiencing sustainable growth even under
conditions of the global financial crisis. Currently, the problem of energy conservation is very urgent, which requires some restructuring in all industries as well as the widespread introduction of energy-efficient equipment and technology.
The tasks of energy efficiency increase when processing oilseeds, reduction of energy consumption when drying and extracting sunflower, rape and soybean, creation of samples of equipment and methods of their calculation have been set
and solved in the thesis. Contradictions that exist between the need to increase the cost of the drying
agent to intensify heat and mass transfer and the attempt to reduce heat loss with he drying agent of the installation can be solved by traditional methods. Therefore, the research work considers the prospects and problems of drying with energy
upply using mechanical and electromagnetic intensifiers. Therefore, it is very important to conduct the research in order to ensure
further improvement of the technique and technology of drying sunflower, rapeseed and soybean as the crops that are most often used as raw materials for oil processing and production by developing new drying methods and new constructions of dryers, as well as drying technologies, carrying out measures aimed at reducing the specific energy consumption for the drying process.
It has been found that volumetric methods of heat supply are promising for drying oilseed crops (sunflower, rapeseed and soybean), among which infrared and microwave ones have become the most widespread in the food and processing
ndustries in recent years. They can provide uniform heating of the whole grain. In addition, there is no need to use air as a heat agent, which significantly reduces energy consumption for the drying process and ensures the “purity” of dried seeds.
n this regard, the combination of infrared or microwave heat supply combined with vibration activation of the environment appears to be promising. Since the extraction method remains the most waste-free in oil extraction echnologies, and in the case of low-oil soybean seeds it is the most convenient one, it is proposed to intensify this process. The study of the possibility of using
electromagnetic radiation during the extraction of oil from industrial crops of oybean and rapeseed is a promising area. The use of the microwave field will enable both to increase production efficiency and reduce energy consumption for he process.
Energy management methods have been used to conduct systematic research and to install energy-intensive facilities. The solution of the research problems has been carried out according to the general scheme: “physical and mathematical model – experiment – generalization and engineering technique – creation of the experimental sample”. Mathematical modeling is based on the use of classical differential equations. Experimental modeling is performed using the methods of similarity theory.
It has been scientifically substantiated that intensification of mass transfer processes during dehydration and extraction is provided through the reduction of the internal diffusion resistance due to the directed energy effect of the electromagnetic field. The method of combined drying of soybean, sunflower and rapeseed in the apparatus using infrared and microwave power supply has been
developed for the first time; a mathematical description of drying kinetics, which determines the moisture content, grain temperature and air temperature in dryers of periodic and continuous action with the supply of mechanical and ele ctromagnetic
intensifiers, has been presented; methods of experimental modeling for determination of diffusion and mass yield coefficients in the processes of seed drying and extraction of rapeseed and soybean oil have been developed. The research work has further developed mathematical modeling of the infrared drying process in the mobile layer of raw materials using similarity numbers, research by “dimensional analysis” in order to obtain equations in generalized variables to calculate combined extraction processes in terms of volumetric microwave energy supply in raw material extraction modes, in the system “cake-ethanol, hexane”.
