Skulskaya S. Pathogenetic substantiation of the prevention of major dental diseases in children living in the zone of increased anthropogenic load

When examining children in the city of Belaya Tserkov, living in zones with various anthropogenic pollution, higher prevalence and intensity of dental caries were found in comparison with children living in conditions of relative ecological well-being. In all children living in the zone of anthropogenic pollution, deviations from the average statistical indicators of the activity of dental caries were more often observed, especially in the decompensated form. The study of the dental status of children from areas of different anthropogenic load showed that with the 6846 C> A polymorphism of the COL2A1 gene, associated with a violation of the state of hard dental tissues, the influence of anthropogenic factors predominates. It was found that with unfavorable environmental factors in the presence of heterozygous polymorphism G (-308) A of the TNF-alpha gene in children, the intensity of dental caries and the severity of the inflammatory process in the parodontal tissues increase. The combined experimental calcium-deficient model of caries and gingivitis caused an intensification of the carious process and pronounced resorption of the alveolar process in rats, a decrease in the level of calcium in the oral fluid of animals, a decrease in the mineralizing function of the pulp with simultaneous activation of the demineralization of hard dental tissues. The therapeutic and prophylactic complex, that was developed taking into account the identified genetic disorders of amelogenesis, collagen formation, detoxification and inflammatory reactions, made it possible to slow down the carious process, normalize parodontal and hygienic indices, improve the mineralizing function of the oral fluid, increase the effectiveness of nonspecific antimicrobial protection in the oral cavity and, as a consequence, improve the dental status of children.