Ablieieva I. Scientific and theoretical foundations of a systematic approach to increasing the level of environmental safety of oil-producing areas

The dissertation is devoted to solving the scientific and applied problem of reducing the level of man-made load on the environment from oil production facilities, in particular in areas of active drilling and development of wells, accompanied by destructive effects on all components of the environment, especially during emergencies. oil and oil products spills. The scientific and methodological bases of the system approach to the assessment of the impact of oil production wastes on the environment and ecologically safe treatment with them have been developed, which provides reduction of man-caused load on the environment from the oil industry. A scientific and methodological approach to the study and implementation of technology for cleaning oil-contaminated soils by bioremediation, which increased the level of environmental safety of the areas by reducing the time of elimination of pollution and increase the efficiency of the process. Biotechnological method of disinfection of oil-contaminated soils is becoming increasingly popular and useful today due to its advantages and positive characteristics over physico-chemical methods. The high efficiency of decomposition of petroleum hydrocarbons by different strains of bacteria is due to the ability of a particular living organism to include these substances in the metabolic processes of the cell. Numerous studies show that arenes, naphthenic, paraffin are available for almost all aboriginal microflora. The effectiveness of anaerobic digestion as a biostimulator in bacterial preparations is theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed on the basis of the lack of the necessary complex of nutrients for oil-destructive microorganisms, which meets the requirements of environmental safety for integrated waste management. A scientific-methodical approach to the modeling of oil filtration through a porous medium was proposed, which provided prediction of the depth and area of soil contamination, and reduced environmental risk from accidental oil spills. Scientific and theoretical approaches to the application of ANSYS software in solving environmental safety problems have been developed. The practical significance of the work is confirmed by the results of industrial tests of the developed environmentally safe technologies, two patents for a useful model and acts of introduction into production and educational processes.