Laptiev A. Peculiarities of Consolidation, Formation of the Structure and Properties of Powder Materials under Impact Load in a Wide Temperature Range

Українська версія

Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Science (DSc)

State registration number

0523U100202

Thesis Registration Form

0523U100202.pdf

Applicant for

Anatolii V. Laptiev

Specialization

05.16.06 - Порошкова металургія та композиційні матеріали

Date of defense

11-10-2023

Specialized Academic Board

Д 26 207 03

Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science National Academy of Science of Ukraine

Essay

This thesis is devoted to solving an important scientific and technical problem of obtaining high-density single-phase and multiphase powder materials with a non-equilibrium structure and increased mechanical and functional properties for operation under conditions of intense mechanical and electrical loads at room and elevated temperatures. To solve this problem, the concept of activating the seizure process between powder particles at a low temperature by supplying of mechanical energy is used. In this case, the level of mechanical energy or the kinetic energy of impact should provide a high pressure (~1000 MPa), an increased degree of particles deformation (~40%) and a high strain rate (50–100 s–1). Appropriate equipment and technology of densification in vacuum of powders under impact load have been developed. It is shown that the formation of a strong bond between homogeneous metal particles during their impact compaction in a rigid die, lasting several thousandths of a second, occurs at a temperature of 0.5-0.55 Tm, a pressure of 1200 MPa, and plastic deformation of particles of 50-70%. At higher than 0.55 homologous temperatures of impact compaction of metal powders in the samples, intensive recrystallization is observed, which passes during the cooling of the sample, that is, in 10-30 s. Alloyed powders, for example, stainless steel Kh17N2, powders of nichrome Kh20N80 and intermetallic compound Ni3Al can be compacted in a rigid die to a high density state and provide a strong bond between particles at homological temperatures of 0.8, 0.85 and 0.9, respectively. The impact compaction of bimetallic composites such as Ag-Ni, Cu-W, Cu-Cr has been studied, which has shown that high-density and strong samples can be obtained in the solid phase and with maintaining a fine-grained structure. Detailed studies of impact compaction were carried out on traditional composites or WC-Co hard alloys, as well as composites containing tungsten carbide and various binders - metals (Ni, Cu) and intermetallic (Ni3Al). It has been established that during impact compaction of WC-Co composites, the formation of a strong bond between tungsten carbide and cobalt occurs at temperatures of 1150-1250 °C. Compaction of composites with a plastic phase content of 25-40 vol.% at the temperature of the appearance of the liquid phase leads to a decrease in the degree of contact of carbide particles, an increase in the degree of hardening of the metal binder and, as a result, an improvement of the strength of the samples at bending. It has also been shown that solid-phase impact compaction ensure obtaining the high strength composites based on tungsten carbide and binders from copper (50 vol.%) and Ni3Al intermetallic (55 vol.%). The mechanism of bending strength of composites based on tungsten carbide and metal binders is consider. A new equation of powder densification in a rigid die in the form of dependence of pressure on relative density with four constants is proposed. The equation makes it possible to describe the process of powders compaction in a rigid die to the limit density with high accuracy.

Official opponents

Viktor D. Rud'
Yakiv Y. Beyhel'zimer
Anatoliy V. Minitsky

Research papers

Laptiev A., Pakiela Z., Tolochyn O., Brynk T. Microstructure and mechanical properties of WC–40Co composite obtained by impact sintering in solid state // J. Alloys Compounds, 2016.–Vol.687.–P.135–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.05.343

Anatolii Laptiev, Barbara Romelczyk, Oleksandr Tolochyn, Tomasz Brynk, Zbigniew Pakiela. Inﬂuence of the impact sintering temperature on the structure and properties of samples from the different iron powders // Advanced Powder Technology, 2017.–vol. 28.–P. 363-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2016.10.007

Tomasz Brynk, Barbara Romelczyk, Anatolii Laptiev, Oleksandr Tolochyn, Zbigniew Pakiela. Fatigue crack growth in Fe mini-samples consolidated by means of impact sintering // Key Engineering Materials, 2014. – Vols. 577–578. – Р. 245–248. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.245

Brynk T., Laptiev A., Tolochyn O. Pakiela Z. The method of fracture toughness measurement of brittle materials by means of high-speed camera and DIC // Computational Materials Science, 2012 – vol. 64 – P. 221–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.05.025

Laptev A. V., Ponomarev S.S., Ochkas L.F. Solid-Phase Consolidation of fine-grained WC-16%Co hardmetal. // Journal of Advanced Materials, 2001.–vol. 33, No 3.–P. 42-51.

Laptev A.V., Ponomarev S.S., Ochkas L.F. Structural Features and Properties of Alloy 84% WC ― 16% Co, Obtained by Hot Pressing in the Solid and Liquid Phases. Part 1. Effect of the Temperature at which the Specimens are Prepared on Their Density and Structure. // Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2000.–vol. 39.–P. 607–617. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011388400293

Laptev A.V., Ponomarev S.S., Ochkas L.F. Structural Features and Properties of Alloy 84% WC ― 16% Co, Obtained by Hot Pressing in the Solid and Liquid Phases. Part 2. Influence of the Temperature at which the Specimens are Made on Their Physicomechanical Properties. // Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2001.–vol. 40.–P. 77–83. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011368124481

Laptev A.V. Potential of the High-Energy Hot Compaction in a Vacuum for Creating Materials with an Ultrafine Structure and High Strength. Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2001.-v. 40.-P. 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011963019060

Koval'chenko M.S., Laptev A.V. Dynamics of WC – Co Hard Alloy Compaction with Hot Pulsed Pressing. Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2004.–vol. 43.– P. 117–126). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PMMC.0000035698.34943.c6

Laptev A.V. Theory and technology of sintering, thermal and chemicothermal treatment. Densification of WC–Co alloys in solid-phase sintering (review). //Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 2007.-v.46.- P.317–324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-007-0051-3

Laptev A.V. Structure and properties of WC-Co alloys in solid-phase sintering. I. Geometrical evolution. // Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2007.-vol. 46.-P. 415–422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-007-0065-x

Laptev A.V. Structure and properties of WC-Co alloys in solid-phase sintering. II. Mechanical properties of samples. // Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2007.-vol. 46.– P. 517–524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-007-0080-y

Лаптев А. В., Толочин А. И., Ковыляев В. В., Вербило Д. Г., Кондряков Е. А. Ударное спекание порошка жаропрочной нержавеющей стали Х17Н2. I. Плотность и структура образцов // Металлофизика и новейшие технологии, 2012.- Т. 34, №2.–С. 195–208.

Лаптев А.В., Толочин А.И., Ковыляев В.В., Вербило Д.Г., Кондряков Е.А. Ударное спекание порошка жаропрочной нержавеющей стали Х17Н2. II. Механические свойства образцов и оценка коэффициентов диффузии при изотермической выдержке и ударном уплотнении // Металлофизика и новейшие технологии, 2012. - Т.34, №4.–С. 521–540.

Лаптев А. В., Крячко Л. А., Толочин А. И., Вербило Д. Г., Головкова М.Е. Сравнение структуры и механических свойств обычного и ультрамелкозернистого композитов Ag–30Ni, полученных методом ударного спекания // Металлофизика и новейшие технологии, 2012.- Т.34, №10. - С. 1001–1018.

Толочин А. И., Лаптев А. В., Окунь И. Ю., Евич Я. И. Ударное уплотнение порошка вольфрама в широком диапазоне температур. I. Плотность и структура // Металлофизика и новейшие технологии, 2014. – Т. 36, №1. – С. 17–29.

Толочин А. И., Лаптев А. В., Окунь И. Ю., Евич Я. И. Ударное уплотнение порошка вольфрама в широком диапазоне температур. II. Механические свойства // Металлофизика и новейшие технологии, 2014. – Т. 36, №2. – С. 217–228.

Radchenko P.Y., Get’man O.I., Panichkina V.V., Skorokhod V. V., Podrezov Yu. N., Verbilo D. G., Laptev A. V., and Tolochin A. I. The Structure and Properties of Powder Copper Hardened by Fine Tungsten Particles. // Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceramics, 2014.-vol. 53. - P. 404–410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-014-9631-1

Laptev A.V., Tolochin A.I., Verbilo D.G. and Okun’ I. Yu. Structure and Properties of Kh20N80 Alloy Powders Produced by Impact Sintering at Different Temperatures. // Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2015.–vol. 54.– P. 416–427. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-015-9731-6

Laptev A.V., Tolochin A.I., Kovalchenko M.S., Evich Ya. I. and Okun’ I. Yu. Structure and Properties of Ni3Al Intermetallic Under Vacuum Impact Sintering. // Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 2016.-v. 54.-P.554–567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-016-9749-4

Laptiev A. Some Trends in Improving WC–Co Hardmetals. I. Hybrid and Coarse-Grained Hardmetals. // Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2019.-v. 58.-P. 42–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-019-00046-3

Laptiev A. Some Trends in Improving WC–Co Hardmetals. II. Functionally Graded Hardmetals. // Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2019.-v. 58.- P. 170–183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-019-00061-4

Лаптев А.В., Толочин А.И., Карпец М.В., Мысливченко А.Н., Окунь И.Ю., Евич Я.И. Влияние температуры ударного спекания на плотность, структуру и свойства композита Ni3Al – 45 об. % WC. // НАУКОВІ НОТАТКИ, Луцьк, 2019. Вип. № 66.– С. 195-207.

Хоменко Е. В., Лаптев А. В., Толочин А. И., Минакова Р. В., Ковальченко М. С. Структура и свойства композитов Cu – Cr различного состава, полученных твердофазным прессованием в вакууме. // Электрические контакты и электроды. Сб. трудов ИПМ НАНУ.– Киев, 2008 г. – С. 110–115.

Лаптев А. В., Толочин А. И., Крячко Л. А., Вербило Д. Г., Окунь И. Ю. Свойства ультрамелкозернистого композита Cu–64WC, полученного вакуумным горячим прессованием // Электрические контакты и электроды. Сб. трудов ИПМ НАНУ. Киев, 2010. – С. 198–206.

Толочин А. И., Хоменко Е. В., Лаптев А. В., Анализ прочности и пластичности композитов Cu–35Cr и Cu–65Cr, полученных прессованием в твердой фазе // "Электрические контакты и электроды". Сб. трудов ИПМ НАНУ. Киев, 2010.– С. 189–197.

Лаптев А. В., Толочин А. И., Хоменко Е. В. Влияние температуры ударного прессования в вакууме на плотность, структуру и свойства порошковой меди // Электрические контакты и электроды. Труды ИПМ НАНУ. – Киев, 2012. – С. 117–124.

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