Lapan O. Purification of water bodies from 137Cs and heavy metals by terrestrial plants.

The thesis aims at solving an important task – the scientific substantiation of the development of phytoremediation technology which involves studying of the absorption capacity of terrestrial plants and creation of an effective hydrophytic structure of the bioplate type. The assessment of the efficiency of purification of water environment by using a new design (of bioplato type), the biotic component of which is higher terrestrial plants (Secale cereale L. (Zabava variety), Hordeum vulgare L. (Laster variety), Phleum pratense L. (Lyulinetska 1 variety), Triticum vulgare L. (Myronivska 808 variety), Festuca pratensis Huds. (Dibrova variety), Pisum sativum L. (Aronis variety), Dactylis glomerata L. (Muravka variety), Avena sativa L. (Sargon variety) and Zea mays L. (Dostatok variety) out of 137Cs, Сr(VI), Zn(II) та Cd(II) was conducted. It was found that UV-C-irradiation and increasing the density of cultivation of terrestrial plant species (Zea mays L., Secale cereale L., Phleum pratense L., Pisum sativum L.) significantly increases the intensity of phytosorption against 137Cs and metals. It was found that the efficiency of extraction by Secale cereale L. plants out of metals from water solutions depended on the degree of aeration of the water environment, as well as on the pH value. The influence of competing ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, K+) on the extraction of cesium out of a water solution by Zea mays L. plants is shown. The range of concentrations of cadmium, zinc and chromium was determined, in which the process of purification of the water environment by the tested plants (Secale cereale L., Phleum pratense L., Avena sativa L.) was efficiently carried out. There was improved the water purification system out of 137Cs and metals due to the development and application of a hydrophytic plant with new biotic and abiotic components, which reduces the load on natural aquatic ecosystems. The concept of phytoremediation methodology, namely the use of a bioplate-type hydrophytic structure to reduce pollution of water environments is further developed. Key words: water boby, phytoremediation, terrestrial plants, 137Cs, metals (zinc (II), cadmium (II), chromium (VI)), bioplate.