Vatsyk M. Features of structural changes in lungs of rats under conditions of general dehydration and its correction

The thesis research summarizes a theoretical generalization and a new solution to the urgent scientific problem of establishing the features of structural changes in the lungs of rats under conditions of general dehydration and using various methods of its correction. It was found that after the 1 day of dehydration there are morphological signs of increased blood supply and ventilation function of the lungs. From the third day to the end of the experiment, a gradual thinning of the alveolar septum occurs, with a decrease in the thickness of the multiple row ciliated epithelium of the bronchial mucosa with a simultaneous decrease in the diameter and cross-sectional area of the lumen of the alveoli and with the formation of foci of emphysema and dystelectasis. In the bloodstream with an increase in the length of the anhydrous period, an ascending vasoconstriction is observed with a simultaneous decrease in the throughput of small and medium-sized arteries and an expansion of the lumen and an increase in the capacity of large arteries. It was also found that correction of general dehydration using fluids without limitation in the early stages deepens hemodynamic disorders with corresponding changes in the parenchyma. With unlimited use of saline, changes in the lungs and their bloodstream in the early stages were somewhat less obvious than with unlimited use of water, however, active fibroplastic processes were noted in these animals in the long term of use. The most effective method is dosed drinking water consumption, which allows to incremental recovery of the normal morphofunctional state of the lungs.