Thesis is devoted to improving early diagnosis of the development and severity of acute bacterial inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract based on the study of the activity of endogenous antimicrobial peptides in serum of young children and determining the factors that affect them.
The work shows 156 children of early age (average age – 1,08 ± 0,07 years) among which 83 children with acute bronchitis were in the 1st subgroup and 42 children with pneumonia, which were the 2nd subgroup. According to the results of the analysis of clinical anamnetic data, perinatal anamnesis, laboratory estimates found that acute inflammatory diseases of the bronchopulmonary system in young children have the influence of the nature of the course of the antenatal period, features of feeding of the child in the first year of life, clinical and laboratory manifestations of rickets, anemia and laboratory signs of inflammation, as well as changes on the part of phosphoric-calcium metabolism (reduction of calcium and phosphorus levels in serum). According to the bacteriological study, it was established that the leading etiological causative agent of acute bronchitis in children 1 subgroups were Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae, while children of the 2 subgroup of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
It was found that 50,0 % of children with acute bronchitis and 71,5 % of children with acute pneumonia had a decrease in the level of vitamin D (р<0,05). The protein binding vitamin D in the serum of children 1 subgroup was 16,0 % lower (р>0,05), while in children of 2 subgroups 21,9 % lower than the control group (р<0,01). Based on the results of the determination of the presence etiological causative agent and the level of vitamin D provision, it was found that among children of 2 subgroups, where the etiological factor of pneumonia was Streptococcus pneumoniae, the content of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the serum was less than 1,5 times in relation to the group of children with acute bronchitis (р<0,05). In both observation groups, where Haemophilus Influenza was the etiological causative agent, the level of vitamin D in the serum was not a statistical difference (p>0,05), but was reliably lower in relation to the indicators of the control group (р<0,05). It was found that in children 1 and 2 of the subgroup the severity and duration of the disease was inversely dependant on the serum content of vitamin D (r =–0,9, р<0,01 and r =–0,5, р<0,05, respectively).
