Dissertation for the degree of Philosophy Doctor in the field of knowledge 21 «Veterinary medicine», specialty 212 «Veterinary hygiene, sanitation and expertise». – Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, 2020.
The dissertation is devoted to the complex study of the features of sanitary processing of milking equipment, the development of effective acid detergent and modes of its application and sanitary and hygienic evaluation of milk.
According to the results of the monitoring of the «List of registered veterinary preparations, feed additives, prepared feeds and premixes», new data on the state of production of means for sanitary processing of milking equipment in Ukraine were obtained and the need for them in the internal market was generalized.
For the development of the acid detergent «Milkodez» was selected prototype, conducted the selection of active substances, determined their compatibility, physico-chemical properties, optimal concentration, as well as investigated the physico-chemical, bactericidal and toxic properties of the finished drug. According to the results of the conducted researches it is proved that the created detergent-disinfectant in its composition must contain not less than 30 % of orthophosphate acid.
Studies of the magnitude and rate of corrosion of stainless steel and aluminum by the action of 30 % solution of orthophosphate acid (ISO 8044: 1986) found that as a corrosion inhibitor in the composition of the acid is necessary to introduce ammonium nitric acid, the amount of which should be 5 %, which will reduce corrosion action of acid in 2.5 times.
Determination of the minimum bactericidal concentration of polyhexamethyleneguanidine to microorganisms has been found that in order to ensure proper disinfectant, its concentration in the created acid detergent should be at least 2 %, since the termination of the growth of E. coli 055К59 No. 3912/41 41 %, P aeroginosa 27/99 by 0.7 %, and S. aureus ATCC 25923 by 1.9 %.
Based on the obtained results, an acid detergent for sanitary treatment of «Milkodez» milking equipment was developed, which contains orthophosphate acid – 30 %, polyhexamethyleneguanidine – 2 %, ammonium nitric acid – 5 % and distilled water.
The absence of growth of S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli 055K59 No. 3912/41 on media with a concentration of the drug «Milkodez» of 0.07 and 0.035 %, which was lower than the minimum bactericidal concentration, after 47 and 48 siftings indicates the absence of resistance of these microorganisms to the active substances of the tool and the possibility of its long-term use for sanitary processing of milking equipment.
Investigations of MAFANM quantity in washes from milking equipment and dairy equipment have shown that Milkodez should be applied hot (70 ℃), at a concentration of 0.5 % after pre-treatment with alkaline «Hyprochlor», and exposure for dairy equipment and portable milking machines the apparatus should be at least 5 minutes, the milk cooler – 10 minutes, the installation of milking in the UMM 200 «Bratslavchanka» milking parlor and the milking room «Fir-tree» – 15 minutes.
Bacteriological examination of the milk obtained after reconstruction of the equipment with «Milkodez» revealed that its use within 5-15 minutes, after pre-treatment with alkaline «Hyprochlor», allows to obtain raw cow's milk with MAFANM content up to 100 thousand in 1 cm3.
The novelty of the work is as follows. New data on the state of production of sanitary equipment for milking equipment in Ukraine have been obtained and the need for them in the internal market has been identified. It has been established that self-made preparations cover the need for 40 % and among them only 17.4 % are acid detergents.
For the first time, the detergent «Milkodez» was developed on the basis of otophosphate acid, which contains a disinfectant of polyhexamethyleneguanidine in order to improve the efficiency of sanitary processing of milking equipment, and to prevent corrosion of stainless steel and aluminum ammonium inhibitor.
Effective and safe regimens of the use of mildew for the development, theoretically substantiated and tested sanitary processing of milking equipment and dairy equipment, which ensure the good sanitary condition of the equipment, removal of milk stone and obtaining milk of extra grade.
Keywords: milk, milking equipment, dairy equipment, detergents, sanitary treatment, active ingredients, orthophosphoric acid, polyhexamethyleneguanidine, ammonium nitric acid, «Milkodez».
