The thesis is devoted to the definition of space-time distribution, circulation and thermodynamic conditions of formation of heavy and extreme precipitations on the territory of Zakarpattia region during 1990-2019. The physical and geographical conditions of the study region are characterized by the possibility of their influence on the increase of emergencies of hydro-meteorological origin in Zakarpattia against the background of climate change. Peculiarities of complex interaction of radiation conditions, atmospheric circulation and orography, which form the climate of the region, are revealed. The quantitative criteria of precipitation changing from 1966 to 2019 is generalized, which by their intensity, area of distribution, duration could cause or have caused significant damage to industries and the population. Modern methods of interpretation of meteorological data on heavy and extreme precipitation are analyzed. The main methods and techniques of processing and analysis of meteorological information on natural disasters in different countries are considered. Information collection of meteorological stations, hydrological and meteorological posts of Zakarpattia region was composed, a database on heavy and extreme precipitations for the period 1990-2019 was created, which includes 32 observation points of Zakarpattia region and 1 observation point of Ivano-Frankivsk region, which belong to the State Hydro-meteorological network observations. Mapping of the spatial distribution of heavy and extreme precipitation was performed by the Surfer 15 software package using the Mercator projection and the WGS-84 coordinate system. It is established that the most dangerous increase in precipitation is observed in the highlands and eastern part of Zakarpattia region, and the involvement of hydrological and meteorological posts helped to record a significant share of natural precipitation and clarify the geographical location of dangerous areas in terms of increased precipitation, namely mountain range Chornogora and the upper part of the Teresva river basin. It was found that the zones of the greatest recurrence of heavy and extreme rains and also heavy downpours coincide with the zones of the most active landslides, namely the basins of the rivers: the Rika, the Tereblia, the Teresva, the Bila Tisza and the Black Tisza. Areas of the highest rainfall during prolonged rains, in general, coincide with the areas of landslides, so taking into account the increase in the frequency of rains in relation to the criteria of natural meteorological phenomena, we should expect the intensification of existing landslides in Zakarpattia region, as well as the formation of new landslides.
