The completed thesis is a comprehensive study of biblical phraseology in modern Ukrainian language: its composition, semantic structure, dynamics, functioning. Theoretical principles of the study of biblical phraseologisms are outlined, the theoretical and methodological basis for the study of the features of the functioning of biblical phraseological units is determined. Biblical phraseologisms have been found to be phraseological units that are directly or indirectly borrowed from the Bible. On the one hand, biblicalisms are part of the phraseological system of the Ukrainian language, as they acquire all the differential features of phraseological units. On the other hand, biblical phraseologisms have a number of specific features, which are caused by etymology, semantics, stylistic characteristics and functions in language.
In lexicographic studies of the beginning of the 21st century special attention is given to the study of linguistic units that are closely related to the concept of «spirituality». One such object of study was the phraseologisms of biblical origin. For the first time, special attention was paid to a comprehensive lexicographic description of the biblicalisms of the Ukrainian language. The peculiarities of the functioning of biblical phraseologisms in Ukrainian on the material of phraseological dictionaries are considered. It is noted that biblical phraseological units can change their form without changing the semantics. The tendency of desacralization of linguistic units, which influences the transformation of the semantics of biblicalism, is also quite clearly observed. The coexistence of phraseological units both with archaisms and with forms that have acquired a new sound is reflected, which is a clear testimony to the living nature of these linguistic units.
Varieties of classifications of biblical phraseological units on the material of lexicographic sources are analyzed. The results of the study indicate that most biblical phraseological units in different dictionaries of the Ukrainian language of different periods have differences at the semantic, lexical, grammatical, stylistic levels, which is due to linguistic and extralinguistic reasons. A particularly unfavorable period for the objective presentation of biblical phraseology was the Soviet period. A new stage in the lexicographical illumination and interpretation of biblical phraseology is observed from the horse. XX – beginning. XXI century. At this time there are many lexicographic works, which become a reliable basis for theoretical and practical studies of phraseologicalisms of biblical origin.
A comprehensive approach to the study of biblical phraseologisms, taking into account various aspects (genetic, semantic, structural-grammatical, emotional-evaluative, lexical) made it possible to find out the nature of phraseologisms of biblical origin, to determine their place and peculiarities of functioning in the phraseological system of Ukraine.
The genetic aspect of the study of biblical phraseologisms testifies to the close connection of language with the culture, customs and traditions of the people.
The semantic aspect of Bible study helps to distinguish, on the one hand, the expressions used in the Bible in their direct meaning and retain the same meaning in modern Ukrainian. On the other hand, there are biblical phraseologisms used in the figurative sense in the Bible and borrowed with this meaning into modern Ukrainian. Changes in the meaning of biblical phraseological units have been observed, which is a clear evidence of the dynamics and development of the phraseological system of the Ukrainian language.
The structural and grammatical aspect of Bible study enables us to distinguish different types of phraseological units from the point of view of their structural organization, functions in the sentence and so on. Structural and grammatical classification is due, first of all, to the specificity of phraseological meaning, syntactic specialization of phraseologisms, as well as morphological properties of words that are part of the biblical component.
The dynamics of biblical phraseologisms in relation to the phenomenon of variability are traced. There are two opposing tendencies in Biblicalism: the tendency to stability in the semantics and structure of the units under study, and the opposite to it, the tendency to update. This gives rise to numerous variants of biblical phraseology: phonetic, word-forming, morphological, syntactic, lexical, linguistic variants (Church Slavonic – Ukrainian).
