The thesis is devoted to the experimental and theoretical study of electrotransport features in changing temperature and external magnetic field in nanoscale film materials in the form of limited solid solutions (s.s.) Fe or Co atoms in hcc lattices Ag or Au, in which granular state elements of spherical or irregular shape in the form of islands of magnetic film component. In the latter case, the film samples were called «quasi-granular». In accordance with the purpose and the study objectives were complex in nature, because they used a number of methods and techniques that have found application in the metallophysics of film materials. In particular, the formation of granular film soils. were carried out by the method of simultaneous or layered condensation of the components, followed by homogenization of the phase composition by annealing to a temperature 700 − 900 K. Quasi-granular films were condensed in the form of a three-layer system, in which the middle layer was an island film. The crystalline structure, phase and elemental composition of the films were investigated using carbon film substrates with a thickness d = 30 − 50 nm or a naturally oxidized Si plate with a SiOx surface layer thickness up to 60 nm. Electrophysical and magnetoresistive properties were investigated by the method of high-precision resistometry using appropriate computerized laboratory complexes. The results were interpreted using the classic M.Csontos et all. model and our proposed semiclassical model for the magnetic coefficient for diluted s.s. in which magnetic component granules have not yet formed. The first stage of the work was devoted to the development of the method of formation of granular film alloys at different total concentrations of the magnetic component (i.e. the total atoms concentrations, based on diluted s.s. and the granule system is formed) and certification their of phase and elemental composition and granules system. TEM micro-images processing allows us to calculate the average granule size of 2 − 12 nm. In the first stage of research, particular attention was paid to the magnetic component atoms concentration and light gas atoms (O, C, N, etc.). Before using the EDS method, the first formulas were obtained for the concentration of magnetic component atoms in granules and in diluted s.s. given the average granules radius r0 and the thickness of the film, etc. Estimated values should be specified when using the high-precision EDS. For the first time, the maximum possible concentration of light atoms in the so-called film was established. subject to condensation in a vacuum of 10-4 Pa. Additional studies by the Vend method of the function of the distribution of defects of the type «vacancy - foreign atom» showed that the activation energy of healing of defects of these vacancy complexes is less than 1 eV, which has a typical value of complexes («vacancy-light atom of gas»). As a result, it is concluded that atoms oxygen and carbon cannot appreciably affect the kinetic properties of s.s. films. In the second stage, the electrophysical properties (resistivity and TCR) of granular soils were studied. As expected, based on the analysis of the literature data, the value is of great importance on the order 10-7 Ohm, which is an order of magnitude larger than in massive metal samples, and the TCR has an order 10-3 K-1, which in several times smaller compared to bulk samples. The main focus at this stage of the research was on the contribution to the total value of the TCR of electron scattering processes on the granules. At the time of formulation of the research problem, a single phenomenological model was known for. In the third stage, the studies of the magnetoresistive properties of the films were carried out and attention was paid to the abnormally small values of the MR, which in most cases has all the features of GMR, but under certain conditions anisotropic MR with the same abnormally small amplitude was realized. There was a need to develop a theoretical model for of dilute s.s. without magnetic granules. Our semiclassical model, unlike the phenomenological model used, more correctly takes into account possible electron scattering and dependence on the magnetic field not only of the average free path length, but also the parameter of specular reflection from external surfaces and the transmission parameter at the grain boundary аnd іnterfаces of electrons. As a result, the main contribution to the resistivity of the film is given by the resistivity of the so-called, since the ballistic mechanism of conductance is implemented in the nanogranule volume. The imperfect low-ohmic spin channel does not completely shunt the high-ohmic conductivity channel, which causes small values of TCR and GMR. At the phenomenological level the questions of temperature and concentration dependence of GMR and AMR are analyzed, which can be used in solving problems of applied character.
