Erdenetsogt U. Biotechnology of using the nanocomposite bacterial preparation Azogran and its protective role in the agroecosystem of barley

Biotechnology of using the nanocomposite bacterial preparation Azogran and its protective role in the agroecosystem of barley. – Qualification of scientific work as a manuscript. Thesis for the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy in specialty 162 Biotechnology and Bioengineering (Field of study 16 Chemical and Bioengineering). – National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Kyiv, 2020. In this dissertation work, the topical issue of the use of biological products, that help increase the resistance of barley plants to the action of environmental stress factors, improve the yield and quality of barley in different climatic zones of cultivation is considered. The growth and development efficiency of the nanocomposite complex derived from bacterial preparation Azogran was tested on various barley plants grown in Ukraine, Mongolia, and Canada. The experimental part of the work was carried out in the department of microbiological processes on solid surfaces of the Institute of Microbiology and Virology named after D.K. Zabolotny National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The effect of bacterization of barley seeds using the bacterial preparation Azogran on their growth was inspected under peroxide stress. The components of the preparation are the strains Azotobacter vinelandii IMV B-7076 and Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023, as well as bentonite nanoparticles. Seeds of bright barley varieties Burkhant (Mongolia), Virazh (Ukraine), and Copeland (Canada) were used in this work. Two variants were used for the treatment of seeds, including 33% Н2О2 and 33% Н2О2+Azogran solutions. For the first time, the effective protective role of the nanocomposite complex bacterial preparation Azogran in the form of an antioxidant effect on seeds of different varieties of barley, when treated with a stress-agent – hydrogen peroxide, is shown. It was noted that the effectiveness of bentonite on the antioxidant and antiradical properties of the metabolic complexes of Azotobacter vinelandii and Bacillus subtilis are determined by the concentration of this mineral in the nutrient medium. At concentrations of bentonite (0.05 – 0.1 g/L), the antioxidant potential of the metabolite complexes increased, and at higher concentrations of this nanostructured mineral in the nutrient medium, the antioxidant status of bacterial components of Azogran decreased. Using the Gaussian 09W quantum chemical program, new calculations of the thermodynamic parameters of the mechanisms of inactivation aggressive stress agents for 2,3-dihydroxy-6-methyl-(4H)-pyran-4-one (DDMP) metabolite Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023 were obtained. It has been obtained and established that during inactivation, a single-electron transfer mechanism (SET) and electron donor mechanism accompanied by proton elimination (SET-PT). It was found, for the first time that the treatment of seed material of 3 varieties of barley obtained from different countries with hydrogen peroxide and Azogran preparation was significantly influenced the qualitative and quantitative composition of phenol carboxylic acids and flavonoids in plants of this cereal culture. The effective protective role of the nanocomposite complex bacterial preparation Azogran in the agroecosystem of barley correlates with the previously established stimulating effect of the biological product on the growth and development of other cereals. This indicates the potential and promising use of the antioxidant effect of Azogran on other objects of crop production. The results of the dissertation work are used in the educational process of the Department of Bioinformatics of the Faculty of Biotechnology and Biotechnics of the National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky KPI" in the development of lectures and practical lessons. The analysis of the data showed that when the seeds were treated with hydrogen peroxide and Azogran, there was an increase in height for all varieties of barley in the phase of entering the tube in comparison with the variant where the plants developed from seeds treated with only hydrogen peroxide. All varieties of barley in the “flowering – waxy ripeness” phase retained the differences in the height of barley plants with variable treatments of the seed material. The work also established the dependence of the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on the germination of seeds of different varieties of barley on the concentration of the stress factor. It was also shown that post-treatment of the inoculum with the nanocomposite bacterial preparation Azogran exhibited an antioxidant effect on plant growth in different phases of development. The work shows the effective protective role of the nanocomposite complex bacterial preparation Azogran in the agroecosystem of different varieties of barley.