Sarychev V. Development of shipbuilding of the Zaporozhzhya Kozaks in 16th – 18th centuries

The object of study is the shipbuilding of the Zaporozhian Cossacks of the XVI-XVIII centuries. The subject of research is the evolutionary development of shipbuilding of the Cossacks, types of ships, their technological features, functional purpose and methods of construction, the hereditary relationship between them. Purpose: to determine the evolutionary essence of shipbuilding of the Zaporozhian Cossacks XVI-XVIII centuries. and its significance in the history of Ukraine. Results of the research: 1. The origin of Cossack shipbuilding due to a number of factors, including Ukrainian experience in the production of monoxyl for local use, ancient Russian, Polish and Danube-Mediterranean shipbuilding, the influence of the front zone, the development of shipbuilding as a segment of the economy specializing in military and commercial ships. 2. The specific form of existence of the Cossack shipbuilding in the conditions of military tension of a zone of a front in the form of the navigable infrastructure which consisted of winterers, pilot service, Sich, military outposts and Cossack shipyards to which from XVIII century is defined state-owned shipyards using the Cossack experience were added. 3. The ambiguity of the term "chaika" and the stages of evolution from the chaika with leather sides of the XVI century to the Zaporozhian boat of the Black Sea Cossacks of the end of the XVIII century which is the basis of the ship class "chaika" of different design and similar in functionality to transport and combat vessels. 4. Defined the basis of shipbuilding Cossacks in the form of a tradition that performed social functions in the development of the Cossack community - contributed to human adaptation in the Lower Dnieper and surrounding areas, socialization in the Cossack community due to collective shipbuilding and military campaigns, as well as the development of this community due to technical innovations. 5. The historical significance of shipbuilding of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, which was a means of development of territories and performed a general social-integrative function - maintained the unity of society, its territory and culture in the process of forming the territory of Ukraine. Scope: the results can be used in further research on the role and importance of shipbuilding as a means of developing the Lower Dnieper, Northern Black Sea and Azov, thus forming the territory of Ukraine. The obtained data can also be used in the study of the tradition of shipbuilding as a factor in the formation of the Cossack community and culture of the Ukrainian people.