Due to the expansion of the volume of loading and unloading operations in the performance of various technological operations with grain materials, the
demand for highly efficient bucket elevator of different productivity and height is increasing. In the process of their improvement, to the stability of work and
reliability were achieved significant results through the use of new materials and research results. Particular importance was attached to the study of unloading processes, because it was believed that the loss of productivity was associated with the formation of the so-called backfill in both the working and idle pipes.
However, to date, the problem remains the study of the process of loading buckets, which depends on the productivity of the bucket elevator and the
sustainability of its work. A small amount of work is devoted to this problem, and the results obtained do not reflect the physical nature of the process and do not correspond to the data obtained during operation.
Despite the simplicity, the process has a complex dynamic nature, which depends not only on the structural and kinematic parameters of the load, but also on poorly studied, specific physical and mechanical characteristics of grain materials such as layer elasticity, resistance to shear inside the material, porosity at different packing densities. Coefficients of friction during movement on bearing surfaces and
at avalanche-like flow on descents. Determining these properties is an urgent task in the mechanics of bulk materials.
The dissertation research is devoted to the decision of the questions connected with definition of physical and mechanical properties of loose grain material and with processes of filling of ladles of grain burrows at various ways of their loading.
Thus, the topic of the dissertation is relevant in scientific and applied terms, and the results of the work will help the development of the grain sector of agriculture and increase the export potential of Ukraine.
The purpose of the study is to increase the productivity of grain burrows with ensuring the stability of the filling of the buckets through the justification of
structural and kinematic parameters, taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of grain materials.The object of the study is the loading of bucket elevator buckets, taking into
account the physical and mechanical properties of the layer of grain material.
Accordingly, the subject of the study is the patterns of influence of structural and kinematic parameters of bucket elevator on the loading of buckets with grain
materials. The research methods used in the work are analytical studies using the methods of elasticity theory, laws of physics and theoretical mechanics, experiment
planning to determine the number of test repetitions depending on the relative measurement error and the required percentage of reliability, methods of graphical
processing of exam data, application of developed devices and modern measuring instruments.
The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that for the first time the dependences of the tangential stresses, angular deformations of the grain layer and
the shear resistance coefficient on the slope parameters, which take into account the parameters of the internal shear; for the first time the coefficient of filling of buckets
and coefficients of resistance at scooping from an embankment and loaded on the course and against a course of a traction element are defined by analytical methods.
The method of determining the parameters of internal shear and limit values of the yield strength of grain materials and rational structural and kinematic
parameters of bucket filling, which, in contrast to the known ones, takes into account tangential stresses, angular deformations of the grain layer and coefficient of
resistance; the method of calculating grain burrows has been improved, which, in contrast to the known ones, takes into account the coefficient of bucket filling when scooping from the embankment and loaded along and against the traction element
