Kondrat I. Age features of pathomorphological changes of the testis in case of experimental diabetes mellitus (experimental study)

The study used 120 white laboratory male rats 6 months and 2 months of age which were divided into 2 groups. The first group (experimental) included 70 animals (equal number of rats of different ages); SIDM was simulated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (pre-diluted in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) at a rate of 6 mg/100 g body weight of 6-month-old rats and 7 mg/100 g body weight of 2-month-old rats. The second group (control) included 50 animals (equal number of rats of different ages), which received citrate buffer in an equivalent dose intraperitoneally. Sampling was performed on the 14th, 28th, 42nd, 56th and 70th days of the experiment. For the first time, the peculiarities of the structural rearrangement of the testicular spermatogenic epithelium of immature and sexually mature rats with SIDM and its morphogenesis in the control group of rats are shown. There are new data on changes in testicular angioarchyntonics and reorganization of the blood-testicular barrier during the development and course of SIDM in different age groups of rats. For the first time, age-specific features of proliferative and androgenic activity of spermatogenic epithelium of testicles, as well as the level of caspase-3 expression in it during the development and course of SIDM are established, which allows to assess disorders of spermatogenesis in this pathology. The priority of the study is in the fact that age features of morpho-functional rearrangement of angio- and cytoarchitectonics of testicles in rats with SIDM are revealed for the first time. This allows to establish patterns of pathomorphogenesis of diabetic testicular diseases in rats of different age groups taking into account the stages of diabetes. For the first time, on the basis of complex research methods (histological, histochemical, electron microscopic, biochemical, morphometric and statistical) the new data are obtained, which in the dynamics of pathomorphological changes of the testis in SIDM allows to distinguish two stages: in 6 months rats – reactive dystrophic changes (on the 14th-42nd days) and atrophic-destructive processes (on the 56th-70th days); in 2-month-old rats – dystrophic-destructive changes (on the 14th-42nd days) and compensatory-atrophic processes (on the 56th-70th days). Key words: testis, male rats, angioarchitentonics, streptozotocin diabetes mellitus, spermatogenic epithelium. Branch – medicine.