Object. Refractive amblyopia , disbinocular amblyopia ( MPC 10; N 53.0). Goal. Determine the effectiveness of treatment of refractive and disbinocular amblyopia in children using neuroprotective and nootropic drugs based on the study of morphometric changes in the retina and spectrum biopotentials of cerebral cortex. Methods. Generally accepted research methods – visiometry , refractometry, ophthalmoscopy, biomicroscopy; 2) methods of fusion and binocular vision definition: (color test, synoptofor, stereo vision – Lang test, Titmus stereofly), 3) evaluation of the EEG rhythm spectrum before and after traditional and comprehensive EEG therapy ( cerebral cortex rhythm spectrum, functional samples), 4) OCT STRATUS OCT 3000 and STRATUS Heidelberg Engineering standard test protocols (disc and macula), 5)contrast sensitivity according to the Bausch&Lomb CD test (2013) 6)statistical – STATISTICA package 8. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the use of a neuroprotector in the complex treatment of amblyopia affects the retina – increases the layer of nerve fibers of the temporal segment of the retina to 78.5 ± 21.96μm ( compared to 72.5 ± 14.59 km before treatment ), <0.05, which may indicate an increase in interneuronal connections in the retina after treatment. For the first time, the inclusion of nootrop in the amblyopia treatment complex allows the normalization of EEG rhythm indices, including rhythm alpha in 68% of patients with refractional and 49% for dysbinocular amblyopia , indicating the promotion of visual analyzer in this pathology. Added knowledge about, that functional samples with eye cover allow to detect the persistence of retino-cortical and thalamic-cortical pathways in children with refractive amblyopia and the presence and dysfunction of mesencephalic separations of the brain in children with disbinocular amblyopia, functional disorders of which can be a serious obstacle to the restoration of binocular vision. The use of nootropes reduces the incidence of dysfunctions by 48% against 57% of cases in patients with dysbinocular amblyopia and helps to restore stereo in 40% of children.( P <0.05) Practical significance. The use of neuroprotector and nootrop in the complex treatment of amblyopia is justified. A complex of pleopto-orthoptic treatment using a neuroprotector has significantly increased visual acuity ( by 0.4 USD ), contrast sensitivity ( by 1.3 units.), improved stereo vision in patients with refractive amblyopia ( by 33.8%) and with disbinocular amblyopia, also normalized alpha-rhythm in 68% of patients with refractional and 49% patients with dysbinocular amblyopia indicated the appropriateness of using these drugs in the complex treatment of amblyopia. Based on the objective data on the state of the EEG rhythm spectrum after a comprehensive treatment for reduction dysfunctions in 48% against 57% of cases of patients with dysbinocular amblyopia and restoration of stereovision in 11.2% it is proposed to include nootropic drug (pyracetam) in the treatment complex of dysbinocular amblyopia. A positive effect of the neuroprotector in the comprehensive treatment of children with amblyopia was found, expressed in the normalization of rhythm indices of the spectrum of bioelectric activity of the cerebral cortex in a group using the drug - increase in alpha index and its normalization in 73% of children with refraction amblyopia and 55% with disbinocular amblyopia, delta and teta index reduction - 58 ± 9.6% and 7.8 ± 6.7% in 54% and 60% of cases, respectively, compared with children, who received traditional treatment of index alpha increase and its normalization in 41.6% of children, delta and teta wave index reduction - in 41.7% and 50%, respectively. The results of the work have been implemented in the scientific work of the laboratory of binocular vision disorder DU «Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy. VP. Filatova NAMN of Ukraine» Scope. Medicine, ophthalmology.
