The dissertation is devoted to research on changes in the main agrochemical parameters, chemical metal compounds, and the quantitative and qualitative composition of soil mycobiota in grey forest soil under intensive horticulture in the Forest Steppe of Right Bank Ukraine.
The scientific novelty of the results obtained is the study of the agroecological state of grey forest soil subjected to intensive horticulture in comparison with the state after fallow land, arable land and extensive horticulture. For the first time, the changes in the main agroecological indicators of grey forest soil during 14 years of its use under intensive horticulture in the right-bank forest-steppe were investigated and evaluated. The system of fertilisation of grey forest soil released from intensive horticulture and transferred to arable land for growing main crops was improved. The theoretical issues of reasonable restoration of the agroecological state of grey forest soil released from intensive horticulture during its transfer and use in field crop rotation in the right-bank forest-steppe were further developed.
The research on the topic of the dissertation was carried out during 2020-2022 on grey forest soils of Vinnytsia region in the Right Bank Forest Steppe.
It was found that over the course of 14 years, the use of soils for intensive horticulture led to a significant increase in their content of various chemical elements. In particular, the content of exchangeable potassium increased by 4,0 times, mobile phosphorus by 7,9 times, calcium by 14,4 times, exchangeable magnesium by 9,3 times, molybdenum by 5,5 times, sulphur by 19,6 times, cobalt by 1,9 times, zinc by 9,7 times, lead by 1,4 times, cadmium by 1,3 times, and mercury by 19,5 times. A decrease in the content of easily hydrolysed nitrogen by 6,0%, humus by 0,06 percentage points, boron by 6,2%, iron by 10,9% and copper by 2,8% was found compared to soils that were undergoing overturning during the same period.
It was found that the soils used for intensive horticulture had a 1,7-fold higher content of exchangeable potassium, 1,8-fold higher content of mobile phosphorus, and 0,16 p.p. higher content of humus, soil pH – by 0,28 units, exchangeable calcium – by 33,7%, cobalt – by 6,2% and lower content of easily hydrolysed nitrogen – by 21,0%, exchangeable magnesium – by 12,5%, boron – by 6,4%, molybdenum – by 11,1%, sulphur – by 10,0% and iron – by 20,0% compared to arable soils. It was determined that the concentration of copper and zinc in the soils subjected to intensive horticulture was 10,9 times and 57,5 times lower than the MPC, respectively. The concentration of mercury, lead and cadmium in the soils under intensive horticulture was found to be 323,1 times, 6,9 times and 3,8 times lower, respectively. In the soils of field crop rotation, the concentration of copper was 12,3 times lower than the MPC, zinc – 47,9 times, lead – 7,7 times, cadmium – 5,3 times and mercury – 362,1 times.
