Fedorchenko I. L. Morpho-functional characteristics of the greater omentum of a person in normal conditions and with peritonitis. – Qualifying scientific work with manuscript copyright.
Dissertation for obtaining the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy in speciality 222 – Medicine. – Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, 2023.
The dissertation is devoted to the problem of studying the anatomy of the greater omentum of a human, which today requires a more detailed analysis taking into account the requests of practical medicine. The greater omentum of a human is currently the subject of discussion by many authors, who, on the one hand, focus on its role in immune protection in inflammatory and cancerous processes in the organs of the abdominal cavity, and on the other hand, on the use of the greater omentum in reconstructive operations, thanks to its unique plastic properties. In the process of analyzing textbooks on normal and pathological human anatomy, it was determined that there is no illustrative material regarding the shape of the greater omentum, the topography of vessels, and the histological structure of the greater omentum. Therefore, the provision of methodical means for the subject remains rather low and needs improvement.
The purpose of the study: to establish gender and age differences in the structure of the greater omentum of a human under normal conditions and the nature of its structural changes in peritonitis.
Based on the results of author's own research it was analyzed for the first time, that quadrangular, triangular and irregular with one, two, three and four lobes of the shape of a human greater omentum do not depend on the type of their body structure.
On the basis of morphometric research, scientific data on the fact that with age the area of the greater omentum of women increases has been deepened.
For the first time, the classification of the vascular tracts of the greater omentum of the second mature and old age was carried out using the somatoscopic method.
For the first time, the individual variability of the topography of arteries and veins was demonstrated, and the absence of standard types of their branching in the greater omentum of humans of the second mature and elderly age was revealed.
For the first time, the presence and formation of the upper, middle, and lower arterial arches on greater omenta was demonstrated.
The study of the features of the histological structure of the greater omentum of people of the second mature and old age in the norm and its reconstruction in peritonitis was improved.
For the first time, variations in the topography of "milky spots" in the thickness of the greater omentum were demonstrated.
For the first time, reactive changes in the structural components of the greater omentum of people with peritonitis were demonstrated.
Practical significance of the obtained results. The obtained data on the shape and area of the greater omentum can serve as a theoretical basis in surgical practice for an in-depth understanding of the cutting of flaps of different shapes and sizes out of the greater omentum to close the defect in transplantology.
The established topography and size of arteries and veins in the right and left.
