The dissertation presents experimental data on the development of elements of the technology of accelerated fermentation of poultry droppings with litter under the action of biodestructors, the cultivation of vermiculture biomass on this litter, and the establishment of the efficiency of using worm biomass at feeding broiler chickens.
The work was carried out at the Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Food Technologies of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University within the framework of the topic "Optimization of biotechnological processes of vermiculture and the use of vermiculture at feeding broiler chickens" (state registration number 0123U103475).
The increase of the population of the planet requires an increase in meat production. In this connection, there is a rapid increase in the number of meat poultry, including broiler chickens. Such dynamics are accompanied by an increase in the production of broiler litter, which is localized in limited areas. The accumulation of large volumes of poultry droppings has economic and ecological problems. Composting is an effective way to dispose of broiler chicken droppings with litter. Traditional composting of poultry droppings is long-term (without the use of constant aeration and application of biological preparations). Bio-preparations are used to speed up the process of obtaining bio-compost from manure. The issue of comparing the effectiveness of different doses and preparations of biodestructors for fermentation of broiler chicken droppings with litter (sawdust of non-coniferous trees) remains unstudied.
The dry matter of worm biomass contains 53.0−74.5% of protein, 4.5−15.0% of fat, and 1.5−12.5% of carbohydrates. With the help of vermiculture, it is possible to transform organic waste into environmentally friendly organic fertilizer and a protein-vitamin-mineral supplement. This creates the prerequisites for the efficient use of fermented broiler chicken manure during the cultivation of worm biomass. The issue of determining the efficiency of using broiler litter fermented by the accelerated method for growing vermiculture biomass remains unexplored. Also, the efficiency of feeding biomass of worms grown on a substrate containing manure fermented by the accelerated method for broiler chickens has not been studied.
Therefore, in view of the above mentioned, the development of a method of accelerating the fermentation of broiler chicken litter, establishing the feasibility of its use as a substrate for growing vermiculture biomass and researching the effectiveness of its feeding to broiler chickens is of scientific and practical importance.
For the realization of the established goal, the task was solved:
- the influence of an imported biodestructor “Sviteco-MBT” on the fermentation time of broiler chicken droppings with litter, its microbiological and chemical composition, has been established;
- the influence of the domestically produced biodestructor “Componaza” on the duration of complete fermentation of broiler chickens’ droppings with litter, its microbiological and chemical composition has been investigated;
- a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of biodestructors on the composting process of broiler chicken droppings has been carried out;
- the influence of broiler chicken droppings fermented by the accelerated method using of foreign biodestructor “Sviteco-MBT” on the growth, development, and chemical composition and biochemical indicators of vermiculture biomass has been established;
- the influence of the substrate, which contains composted broiler chicken droppings by “Componaza” biodestructor, on the growth, reproduction, biochemical and chemical composition of the biomass of worms has been investigated;
– the positive effect of vermiculture biomass, as part of compound feed, on body weight and biochemical indicators in the body of broiler chickens has been proven;
– the influence of worm biomass in compound feed on the quality and safety of broiler chicken products has been studied; – calculations of the economic efficiency of using vermiculture biomass as part of compound feed for broiler chickens have been carried out.
Modern research methods were used for the performance of qualifying scientific work: zoo-technical, biotechnological, microbiological, biochemical, chemical, and mathematical and statistical.
The researcher personally formed the goal of the scientific work, conducted experimental studies on establishing the effectiveness of using different doses and biodestructors for composting broiler chicken droppings by an accelerated method, using composted droppings for growing vermiculture biomass. She investigated the efficiency of using worm biomass for growing broilers. The analysis for the generalization of experimental data was carried out with the advice of the scientific supervisor.
