Chu Y. Trends in the internationalization of higher education in China

The thesis is a comprehensive study, which clarifies the trends in the internationalization of higher education (IHE) in China in order to determine the prospects of creative use of positive experience in the aspect of the investigated problem in Ukraine. The development trends of the conceptual foundations of IHE in China, considered at the global and national (Chinese) levels, are outlined. The peculiarity of the Chinese discourse of IHE is the study of problems of indigenization of higher education, the influence of China's soft policy on the processes of IHE, the study of the phenomenon ―internationalization of higher education with Chinese characteristics‖. Taking into account the political, cultural, historical, economic and academic criteria, the historical (from the founding of higher education institutions in China until 1978) and modern (from 1978 to the present) periods of higher education internationalization development China are distinguished. It was revealed that the trends of normalization of the policy of openness at the stage of global involvement were: specification of the conceptual foundations of reforms at the ideological, political, financial, economic, managerial, pedagogical and methodological levels. The development trends of inward and outward oriented strategies of internationalization of higher education in China are highlighted. Trends in the development of China's inward oriented strategies of IHE are considered at the individual (international student mobility ‒ ISM) and institutional (programs and institutions of transnational higher education ‒ TNHE) levels. The development trends of China's outward oriented IHE strategies, which are developing within the framework of the 'One Belt, One Road' Initiative, are highlighted. It was established that the following trends related to the implementation of the 'Education Action Plan for the One Belt, One Road Initiative' are: intensification and diversification of international relations in the field of higher education; deepening cooperation in talent development; improvement of specific mechanisms of educational cooperation. The trends of the further development of IHE in China and the prospects for the creative use of Chinese experience in Ukraine have been determined. It was found that the trends of the further development of the phenomenon under study, which are already successfully implemented within the framework of the 'One Belt, One Road' Initiative, are the following: activation of multilateral and bilateral international exchanges and cooperation; optimization of mechanisms for providing study services abroad; expansion of international recognition of qualifications; strengthening cooperation with international organizations, in particular with UNESCO; improving the quality of Chinese-foreign cooperative programmes and institutions; improvement of organizational and financial support and comprehensive improvement of the quality of education of foreign students in China; promoting the development of Confucius Institutes and classes; acceleration of the creation abroad of international campuses of universities with Chinese characteristics; continuation of the program for the development of Double world-class universities Initiative; creating an open ecosystem for research and innovation in world-class Chinese universities that has international competitiveness; formation of China's comparative advantage in international competition in the field of attracting high-quality talents and highly qualified specialists; intensifying China's participation in global education management and in the development of international rules, standards and assessment systems for international education.