In the dissertation, theoretical and methodological foundations of the functioning of the bank lending system to households are deepened, and practical recommendations for activating its development in the context of the digital economy formation in Ukraine are developed.
In the dissertation, theoretical provisions of the essence of bank lending to households are deepened, which is carried out by clarifying the content of the categories “credit”, “bank credit” and “|household”. It is proposed to consider the definition of “bank lending to households” as a process of interaction between a commercial bank (lender) and a household (borrower) regarding the transfer to temporary use of the borrower of the amount of financial resources specified in the loan agreement for certain purposes, provided that funds are returned in the future with interest for their use based on compliance with the following principles, namely: urgency, payment, purposefulness, return, and security. This approach to the interpretation of the outlined definition allowed us to specify the characteristics of its implementation, to determine the main stages of such lending and further to consider the impact of digital technologies on the interaction between borrowers and lenders at each of these stages.
The scientific approach to identifying the main stages of providing bank lending to households is deepened, which consists in applying a process approach to them (marketing; sales; service; fulfillment of obligations). This made it possible for the applicant to identify the main areas of the impact of digital technologies on the functioning of the microsystem of bank lending to households, to group them and justify their content.
In the dissertation, the methodology of the systematic approach to consider the essence of bank lending to households is used, which made it possible to determine the existence of two types of this system, namely: a microsystem (a system of the credit activity formed within a particular banking institution, which includes all components and relationships between them that are involved in the process of providing loans to households based on compliance with the following principles: urgency, payment, purposefulness, repayment and security) and macrosystem (a set of banking institutions, households and relationships between them that arise in the process of granting loans to individuals by these institutions based on compliance with the following principles: urgency, payment, purposefulness, repayment and security).
For a detailed study of the current state of the system of bank lending to households in the digital economy, the methodology for conducting an empirical analysis of this state was improved, within which, in contrast to the existing approaches to the implementation of this analysis, five main stages were identified (macroeconomic analysis, system analysis, parametric analysis, digital banking space analysis, impact analysis), which allowed us to conduct a thorough analysis of current trends in the functioning of this system, taking into account the trends of the macroeconomic and digital space in which this system develops.
A detailed analysis of the main trends in the functioning of the system of bank lending to households in current conditions of the macroeconomic and digital space allowed us to identify the basic obstacles that hinder further development of this system. In the dissertation, these problems were systematized into the following groups: general, industrial, subjective and digital. In the future, appropriate measures were proposed to address these barriers, which would stimulate the development of both micro- and macro levels of this system.
To substantiate new directions for improving the functioning of the system of bank lending to households, the economic space in which this system operates, conceptual provisions of the mechanism for the development of this system were deepened, which was implemented through the specification of its goals, functions, methods and principles. The totality of these principles of this mechanism was expanded by a new principle of institutional adaptation, the essence of which is the existence of an objective need for banking institutions to take into account not only the macroeconomic conditions for carrying out credit activities, but also the features of the current model of credit behavior of households, which is transformed considering changes in the macroeconomic and digital space in which the interaction between banks and these economic entities takes place.
Thus, taking into account the results of the study, the urgency of developing the system of bank lending to households in Ukraine, the need to activate the credit activities of commercial banks to increase the availability of borrowed resources for economic entities, including households, was confirmed.
