The thesis presents a scientifically based new solution to an urgent scientific problem of modern paediatrics - assessment of the comparative relationship between the quality of microbial colonisation and the state of digestive processes in the intestine and the development of colic; studying the quantitative features of certain indicators of cellular (CD3+, CD8+, CD56+) and humoral (CD19+, CD20+) immunity in colic of varying severity of clinical manifestations in infants aged 2 weeks to 6 months who were treated with antibiotics from birth to 6 months of age.In a study involving 103 infants with colic diagnosed according to the Rome IV criteria, aged 2 weeks to 6 months, with a mean age of 2 months, and a history of antibiotic treatment, the main group consisted of infants with severe colic (n=43). Infants with mild clinical manifestations of colic were included in the comparison group (n=34). The peculiarities of microbial colonisation of the intestine and functional state of digestion were determined by the results of the study of the colic coprogramme. To achieve this goal, we conducted macroscopic and microscopic examination of faeces, assessment of clinical and anamnestic parameters: obstetric history, gestational age, gender, anthropometric data, medical history, nosological characteristics of diseases and treatment received by infants. We studied the quantitative features of certain indicators of cellular (CD3+, CD8+, CD56+) and humoral (CD19+, CD20+) immunity in colic of varying severity of clinical manifestations in the selected category of infants. To achieve this goal, we evaluated clinical and anamnestic parameters: obstetric history, gestational age, gender, anthropometric data, medical history, nosological characteristics of diseases and treatment received by infants, and determined selected immunological parameters (CD) in peripheral blood in children of both groups.The results of our microbiological study of faeces are consistent with the fact that an imbalance in the balance of the intestinal microbial "landscape" is a possible source of excessive gas formation and a vivid clinical manifestation of colic in infants with a history of antibiotic therapy. Infants with severe clinical course of colic, compared to infants with mild colic, differed in the severity of colic manifestations by the duration of periods of "causeless" crying (h): in the main group, more than half of the children (55.81±7.57%) had grade 3 and more than a third (37.21±7.37%) had grade 2, while in the comparison group, all children (100%) had grade 1 (p<0.001). In infants with severe colic, bacteriological examination of faeces showed a significant decrease in bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, Escherichia coli, which in turn led to a significant activation of opportunistic enterobacteria and enterococci, and the presence of iodophilic bacteria in the coprogramme indicated that colic is a type of functional digestive disorders, fermentative dyspepsia, in particular, in infants aged 2 weeks to 6 months., with a history of antibiotic therapy.significant deviations of certain indicators of both cellular and humoral immunity were observed in the immunological examination of blood: CD3+; CD4+; CD19+ in the direction of decreasing values and in the direction of increasing values, CD8+; CD20+; NK cells CD56+ differentiation clusters.For the first time, the prognostic informativeness of studying the quantitative features of certain indicators of cellular (CD3+, CD8+, CD56+) and humoral (CD19+, CD20+) immunity in colic of varying severity of clinical manifestations was proved; to assess the comparative relationship between the quality of microbial colonisation and the state of digestion in the intestine and the development of colic in infants aged 2 weeks to 6 months who were treated with antibiotics from birth to 6 months of age, taking into account the clinical severity of colic, by studying the comparative characteristics of clinical and demographic indicators and qualitative results of fecal bacteriological examination.
