Kerimov T. Morpho-functional changes of gastric glandulocytes in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus type 2 and pharmacological correction

This dissertation is devoted to the solution of the current scientific task of modern gastroenterology, the study of structural and ultrastructural changes in the gastric mucosa of rats with an experimental model of type 2 diabetes, the study of molecular mechanisms of functional stress in cells, in particular of the stress of the endoplasmic reticulum of mucocytes, the study of correlations between the sensors of the response system of unstructured proteins (UPR, English, Unfolded Protein Response), comparison of the relative level of mRNA and proteins of the UPR system and formation of the concept of activation of the protective mechanism in gastric glandulocytes under the conditions of drug administration. The progression of diabetes induces the development of complications in various systems and organs [121]. Disruption of the digestion process in such patients, while not directly posing threat to life, however reduces the degree of absorption of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract (GT), significantly worsens the quality of life and has other unpleasant consequences. Diabetic gastropathy (DG) is a syndrome characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of obstruction of the upper gastrointestinal tract, which occurs against the background of poorly controlled diabetes due to impaired enteric nervous system function. Gastroparesis is manifested by symptoms of early satiety, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, postprandial fullness or upper abdominal pain [20, 59]. DG is often not taken into account in clinical practice. Due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria, DG is often misdiagnosed as a gastrointestinal disorder, leading to inadequate treatment. DG affects not only the absorption, but also the metabolism of oral drugs, which leads to poor glycemic control and further worsening of diabetes, creating a vicious circle.