Drymanova L. Accounting for the production and sale of forestry products

In the theoretical part of the study, the problems of the imperfection of information and analytical support are identified, which prevents effective control over the availability and rational use of forest resources (including finished products of forestry) and leads to uncontrolled illegal felling, irrational reforestation, shadowing of the sale of finished products of forestry, and in general – to the deforestation of the territories of the forest fund of the country. The identification of the specified problems will allow to determine the directions of increasing the level of information and analytical support of management in this field, which will contribute to forest restoration, preservation of biodiversity, resource efficiency and reduction of the use of traditional types of fuel by replacing them with alternative sources of energy, which corresponds to the Goals of sustainable development. It was established that existing approaches to defining the essence of the category “finished products of forestry” do not include such important components as wood waste as a by-product of forestry and sawdust in general as a product of woodworking. The conceptual and terminological apparatus has been clarified in terms of clarifying the essence of the concept of “finished products of forestry”, which is proposed to be understood as “forest products. The proposed definition makes it possible to expand the subject area regarding the display of finished products of forestry in accounting and to identify additional objects that were not previously reflected in the composition of finished products, and information about which was not taken into account in the system of accounts and reporting of the enterprise. The classification of finished forestry products for the needs of management by economic value and economic benefits from use has been improved into main, secondary and secondary) and compared with the existing classification of forestry products by forestry processes, which will provide users with information on the distribution of available forestry products in two analytical sections at the same time. In the practical part of the study, it was established that the system of documenting and summarizing information on finished products of forestry is insufficiently effective, which does not take into account its division by species into forest and saw products, as well as by economic benefits into the main (wood, boards), secondary (non-wood products of forestry , bars and bars) and by-products (wood and dust waste), leads to inaccuracies in accounting, complicates the analysis of production efficiency and acceptance management decisions. The proposed documents for the accounting display of finished forestry products will contribute to the formation of detailed and structured information about the receipt and movement of forestry products; improving management efficiency through access to relevant data for economic efficiency analysis and making informed management decisions, as well as ensuring transparency by adapting the accounting system to the needs of internal users. The method of formation and display of finished forestry products in accounting was developed with the introduction of new sub-accounts to account 26 “Finished products”. The system of internal reporting that exists today in the activities of forestry enterprises does not provide sufficient detail and relevance of data on harvesting and accounting of the main, secondary and secondary products of forestry, which creates difficulties for meeting the information needs of managers and making informed management decisions. In the project part of the study, the analyzed administrative documents of forestry enterprises are not sufficiently detailed in terms of methodological provisions regarding the accounting of finished forestry products on account 26, which creates difficulties in the formation of accurate data for internal and external reporting and complicates the processes of management and analysis of economic efficiency of enterprises. It is proposed to improve the principles of accounting through their modification in terms of taking into account the peculiarities of forestry activities in National provision (standard) of accounting 30 “Biological assets”. In addition, it is proposed to supplement the appendix to the standard by defining the list of forestry products, structured in two analytical sections, which takes into account the specifics of the main, secondary and side products. The modern accounting system of finished forestry products does not sufficiently integrate the principles of sustainable development, which complicates the accounting of environmental, economic and social aspects of activity. The lack of an appropriate theoretical and methodological structure limits the possibilities of forestry enterprises in implementing the concept of sustainable development.