Donets N. Physiological indicators of Ginkgo biloba L. plants under the influence of metabolically active substances

During the dissertation research on the influence of metabolically active substances and their combinations on the physiological indicators of Ginkgo biloba L. seedlings, it was found that pre-sowing treatment of ginkgo seeds with these substances has a positive effect on its germination. In favorable years of its formation, the most effective effect on germination was exerted by combinations of substances from Vitamin E + PHBA + Methionine + MgSO4 and Vitamin E + Ubiquinone-10. Seeds formed in unfavorable years had low germination. The germination time of such seeds increased significantly, and the seedlings were not sociable. The most effective effect on the germination of such seeds was exerted by a combination of substances from Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA. The most effective effect on the root length of ginkgo seedlings was exerted by a combination of metabolically active substances in the composition of Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA, as well as the compounds of Methionine, PHBA and MgSO4. The average number of lateral roots was best influenced by the combinations of substances in the composition of Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA and Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA + MgSO4, as well as Methionine. The combinations of substances in the composition of Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA and Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA + MgSO4 and solutions of MgSO4, Vitamin E and PHBA had a stimulating effect on the height of the stem of Ginkgo biloba seedlings. The value of the average number of leaves on young ginkgo plants was positively influenced by all the studied combinations of metabolically active substances, as well as Methionine. Pre-sowing treatment of ginkgo seeds with the studied substances contributed to the accumulation of the mass of raw material of the seedling during the period of active growth. The highest values of the mass of raw material were noted in the variants of using Vitamin E and Methionine for seed treatment, as well as the combination of substances with Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA. The same combination was the most effective in terms of dry matter mass of Ginkgo biloba seedlings. Metabolically active substances and their combinations contributed to an increase in the average leaf area of Ginkgo biloba seedlings. The most effective effect on this indicator was exerted by combinations of compounds from Vitamin E + Ubiquinone-10, Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA and Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA + MgSO4 and solutions of MgSO4 and Vitamin E. The indicated research options also effectively influenced the average leaf mass of ginkgo seedlings. The greatest mass of raw leaf matter was observed in the options using the combinations of substances Vitamin E + Ubiquinone-10 and Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA + MgSO4. The dry matter mass of the leaf was best influenced by combinations of substances in the composition Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA and Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA + MgSO4, as well as Ubiquinone-10 and MgSO4. The most effective effect on the content of chlorophylls a and b in the leaves of Ginkgo biloba was exerted by Ubiquinone-10, which contributed to an increase in the content of chlorophylls a and b pigments compared to the values of the control variant by 15,9 and 24,6%. Among the combinations, the greatest effect on the accumulation of pigments was exerted by the compound in the composition of Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA, which contributed to an increase in the content of chlorophylls a and b compared to the control by 32,4 and 37,7%, respectively. Metabolically active substances and their combinations contributed to the accumulation of carotenoids in ginkgo leaves. The greatest effectiveness was demonstrated by Methionine, MgSO4, PHBA, as well as combinations of substances from Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA and Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA + MgSO4. The excess of control values in these variants ranged from 25,5 to 36,4%. The content of ascorbic acid in ginkgo leaves was the highest in the variants of application for seed treatment before sowing MgSO4 and the combination of substances from Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA. These variants provided an increase in this indicator by 26,6 and 26,4%, respectively. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the studied substances contributed to a greater accumulation of flavonoids in the leaves of ginkgo seedlings. The highest value was noted in the variants with the use of combinations of substances from Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA + MgSO4 and Vitamin E + Methionine + PHBA, which exceeded the control values by 125,6 and 127,2%, respectively.