Semchyshyn Y. Substantiation of treatment of patients with temporomandibular disorders and malocclusions

The dissertation is devoted to improving the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment of patients with temporomandibular disorders and malocclusion by developing algorithms for complex diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Over the past decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), which have become the second most common disease of the musculoskeletal system. One of the main etiological factors of TMD, according to some researchers, is considered to be occlusion disorders , including among people with malocclusion. At the same time, there is a low level of awareness of dentists about temporomandibular disorders and the lack of clear algorithms for treating temporomandibular disorders associated with malocclusions. A survey of dentists in Lviv region revealed a low level of training on TMD issues: only 32.5% of respondents received additional training on TMJ/ TMD issues after receiving higher education, which indicates insufficient attention to this problem in the professional training of dentists, and 73.75% do not treat TMD. 77.5% of respondents named occlusal factors as the main cause of pathology, and clicking and deviation were the most common symptoms. The majority of doctors (87.5%) refer such patients to specialists. More than 97% of participants stressed the need for specialized training activities, which highlights the importance of continuing education to improve the diagnosis and treatment of TMD. The proposed approaches to diagnosis and treatment and developed algorithms of diagnostic and therapeutic measures showed their positive result. Comprehensive rehabilitation made it possible to adapt treatment to various types of malocclusions and temporomandibular disorders. The use of various treatment methods, such as occlusal therapy, orthodontic treatment, occlusion correction and prosthetics, has made it possible to effectively rehabilitate patients with temporomandibular disorders and malocclusions. Depending on the specific cases, treatment can be individualized, which ensures maximum results for each patient. The analysis of these therapeutic measures confirms that an integrated approach to the treatment of patients with TMD and dental deformities is effective and allows us to achieve significant improvements in functional and aesthetic aspects. Summarizing, the developed and proposed complex of therapeutic and diagnostic measures proved its effectiveness, providing partial or complete rehabilitation of patients with TMD and malocclusions.