Batrakova A. Energy pollution preventive tracing of highways in view of the ecological and ergonomical requirements of system "the man - automobile - road - environment ".

Object of research: a highway and processes of interaction in system "man - automobile-road-environment". (MARE) Purpose of research: development of the methodology of shaping energy pollution preventive path of a highway in view of the ecological and ergonomical requirements of system "MARE". Method of research: the systems analysis, methods of the theory of optimal guidance and graph theory, numerical experiment. The equipment: personal computer, devices for examination of a functional state of the driver. Theoretical and practical results: criteria of efficiency of the solutions obtained while tracing of highways- vector of a system conditions permitting to take into account the technical, ecological, ergonomical requirements, pulled out to highways was developed. The system of restrictions on a designed line of a path with requirement of permissible operation of system "MARE" is justified. The analytical dependence for calculation of restrictions on a space curvature of a path is obtained. The mod el tracing designed in view of the ecological and ergonomical requirements of system, the results of which examination were used at development of algorithms of tracing of double-sideband highways between breakpoints. Breadth of tracing area between breakpoints and step of regular numeral model of a contour with reference to a problem of shaping of the first approach to a line of a path is justified. Designed and justified procedure of shaping energy pollution preventive path between breakpoints, which application at the tracing process ensures a decreasing of the rate of fuel consuming, diminution of ejections of polluting substances, high reliability of activity of the driver. Novelty of new inculcate: the new approach to a justification of geometric elements of the plan and longitudinal path profile is designed; the tracing procedures of highways are improved; developed and scientifically justified method of system shaping energy pollution preventive path in view of the ecological and ergonomical require ments of system "MARE". A degree of the implementation: the justification of system of restrictions on a designed line of a path is introduced in "Institute Kharkov Promtransproject" at designing a highway of Belgorod -Ahtyrka; the computer codes for numerical calculation of the plan of a path was used in the institute "Kharkovgiprodor" at shaping the plan of a path by a method of the spline-approximation. Field of application: designing and reconstruction of highways