Anatoliy D. The role of English loan words and word combinations in the development of modern Ukrainian microeconomic terminology.

The thesis is devoted to the problems of adaptability of English loan words in the Ukrainian microeconomic terminological system as a part of general economic terminology, and to the role of variety of economic terms' internationalization in this process. In the thesis the methods of classification of the newest microeconomics units according to their functional and structural-semantic features was elaborated, the ways of organization and systematic approach to the translated microeconomic terms were demonstrated. The author emphasizes the fact that during the period of market transformation of the society the economic terminology becomes the most dynamic part of lexical and semantic language system. The emergence of new concepts causes the so-called "terminological explosion"-the penetration of new lexical items into previously established system of terms. These processes bring about the urgent need of analysis, systematization and unification of the variety of economic terms. That is why one of the main purposes of the research is the development of principles of standardization and unification of Ukrainian and Russian microeconomic terminology. The author looks into various versions of introducing English loan words and offers his way of unification according to the so-called scale of identity, which helps to select the proper variant of a term. He also focuses on the classification of English loan economic terms and international words. Specifically, he divides all the English loan words into such classes: a) the direct loans ("neat" English terms and international words), b) the translation loans (structural and semantic ones) and c) semi-loans, which contain two or more components of various linguistic origin. The author analyzes the reasons of adoptions. They are of two kinds-linguistic and non-linguistic. The first include: a) semantic overloading of the native language items; b) easy acceptance of loan-words due to the international components; c) the brevity of borrowed items and d) the ability to combine with the native language components. Among the non-linguistic factors the author specifies the following: a) borrowing of an item as a result of borrowing of the appropriate concept; b) growth of the global-scale contacts of economic experts and scientists and c) the desire of participants of the communication act to adapt their language systems. The author closely investigates the principles and means of the translation of microeconomic loan-words with a special emphasis on the communicative equivalence in both languages-English and Ukrainian. Translation is defined as the exact reproduction of the original term by means of the target language with the preservation of unity of sense and style. All the translated economic terms are divided into the following categories: direct loans, loan-translated words and word combinations, descriptive units and transformative units. The principle of communicative equivalence of both texts-a source text and a target text-is realized by meeting the followingrequirements: a) the target text has to correspond as closely as possible to the source text; b) the target text has to correspond to the source text in its size; c) the target text has to correspond the norms and rules of the target language and d) the combination of terms in the source text has to correspond to that in the target text. The degree of internationalization of terms as isoglosses in Ukrainian, English and German languages is partially revealed in the thesis. The problems of unification and standardization of the economic terminology are examined. The paradigmatic relations within the Ukrainian microeconomic terminology are thoroughly researched. The main results are applied to the process of written translation of the literature on economics from English into Ukrainian.