Velychko Y. Growth and productivity of apple depending on the type of orchard in the Ukraine's Northern Lisosteppe

3. 1. The Object of Research - apple varieties Priam, Florina, Liberti, Alkmene and hybrid SR-05-23 and DA-65-17. The Purpose of Research - working out and substantiating intensive apple orchards from the point of view of biology, ecology and economy, with optimal combination of varietal-rootstock combination, crown form and planting density, ways of rating the yield for the conditions of the northern part of the Right-Bank Forest Steppe Zone of Ukraine The Methods of Research - experiment, observation, analysis, synthesis, statistical, economic-comparative, calculating. Theoretical and Practical Results - the effect of various orchard types and ways of rating the yield on the tree vigor, leaf area, crown lighting, photosynthesis and leaf pigment content, architectonics of root system, yield and fruit quality was studied. Economic evaluation of the orchards was done, additional expenses on fruit rating were taken into account. Best orchard types were introduced into production. Novelty - Under the conditions of the northern part of the Right-Bank Forest Steppe Zone of Ukraine, the expediency of high density apple tree planting on medium and dwarf rootstock was studied and grounded. Indices of biological potential of trees depending on the variety in various types of the orchards were theoretically substantiated. The best methods of fruit rating for the yield planned for various types of intensive apple tree orchards were identified. The Degree of Introduction - scientific recommendations were introduced in Ltd. Companies "Contract" and "Sadvynprom" of Vasylkiv district, Kyiv region on the areas 25 and 37 ha correspondingly, where best types of the orchards on clonal rootstock were created.