Varshavskyj A. The Conception Of the Language In the Ontology By Martin Heidegger (Historical and Philosophical Analysis).

The object of the research is a language phenomenon in M.Heidegger's fundamental ontology. The aim of the research is the opening of the constitutional aspects of the being language understanding in Heidegger’s ontology in the context of European philosophy’s history. It’s determined, that this understanding conflicts with instrumental approach to the language (this approach goes back to the conceptions of classical metaphysics). Investigation of this contradiction’s essence a group of phenomenological and hermeneutical and historical and comparativistical methods had been chosen. The following task was given: to carry out general verification of language conception’s obligatory for ontology, hence to reveal the actual consequences of the language conception’s ontological legitimacy. The way of being and essence’s difference was revealed as motivating for actualization and following characteristic of the language phenomenon'’ interpretation. This method substantiates both equation of the language withthe means in metaphysics and Heidegger’s eventual identification of the language and being. On basis of the historical and comparativistical analysis of “time” and “place” concepts, the ontological motivation of the language phenomenon as immanent “indicating potentia” of being was determined. The distinguishing of two types of causality (physical and “indicating”) and the language lag in the determinism of essence was substantiated. The integral analysis of Heidegger’s doctrine of the language was carried out. As a result of that the ontological positions about the reasons of language and being identity, about specificity of demonstrative determination of essence by the word, about secondary of human volition, sensuality and rationality concerning the word, about necessity of the transformation of Heidegger’s “ontological differentia” in being and essence’s difference were derived. An original attempt of the interpretation of Heidegger’s language symbolical determinations and its essence (“Haus”, “Sage”, “Bedingnis”, ets.) was made. Historical context of Heidegger’s teaching about language was ascertained: the ontologies, that determine or, vice versa, exclude the language phenomenon out of the essence line. Criticism of attempts of the language phenomenon's reduction and conclusion from the natural and social factors was carried out. Sphere of using – the thesis can serve as a basis for such courses as “Philosophy of language”, “Philosophical basics of linguistics”.