Yamborko N. Soil microbial assosiations resistance to genotoxical influence of some pesticides

Candidat's thesis is dedicated to investigation of resistance of the soil microbial assosiation against toxic and mutagenic effect of biological fungicides Mycosan and Mycosan New, chemical synthesized fungicides Fundazol and Vitavax as wel as herbicides Raundup and Dialen. The new method of determination of toxic and mutagenous pesticides action on soil microbial assosiation have been proposed. It was demonstrated for the first time that crops agrotechnologies cultivation influence on microbial cenosis resistance to pesticides: biological agrotechnologies increase their resistance and chemical - increase their sensitivity.The genetic activity of pesticides for test-culture of microorganisms S. typhimurium TA100, S. typhimurium TA98 and E. coli WP was investigated. It was chown the correlation up-to-data of 99 % between experiments of the test-culture E. coli WP and experimental data of the new method of determination of toxic and mutagenous pesticides action on soil microbial assosiations. It wasdetermined that genetic regulation of microbial enzymatic systems is unstable to impact of pesticides. For example, Micrococcus luteus CCM 248 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia UCМ В-257 revealed three types of changes in microbial enzymatic spectrum under action of pesticides: 1)redistribution of activity between molecular forms of some enzymes; 2)appearance of new or disappearance of available multiple enzymes molecular forms; 3) complete dopression of enzymes synthesis. It was shown that chemical pesticides decrease the the soil microbial assosiation resilient resistance - their structure and functions ability to restore after action of stressor.Biofungicides Mycosan and Mycosan New don't reduce the soil microbial assosiation resilient resistance and may be recommended to practical using as an alternative to plants chemical protectors. Key words: soil microbial assosiation, test-culture of microorganisms, enzymatic spectrum, resilient resistance, mutagenicity, toxicity, agrotechnologies cultivation, fungicides,herbicides.