Tymofyeyeva O. Physical model of endocytosis

Creation of the basic theoretical model of endocytosis, describing a physical mechanism and general conformities of this phenomenon on the basis of modern imagination of physical principles of vital functions of cells, was a research purpose. As a research object was the endocytosis. The theoretical analysis of physical processes which take place during endocytosis, is carried out by the methods of theory of resiliency, equilibrium and non- equilibrium thermodynamics, and statistical physics, differential geometry of surfaces, variation calculation and computational modeling. The features of hypotonic lysis of rat gepatocytes are studied by the method of light microscopy and physical and mathematical analysis of this process. The original basis model of endocytosis which explains the mechanism of this phenomenon and takes into account metabolic dependence of the studied process and partly explains its mechanism is formulated. The existence of a new mechanism of coupling between scalar non-linear biochemical reactions, occurring inside the cell, as well as the vector process of transmembrane transition of substances from the outside into the cell is theoretically substantiated. Fundamental possibility of protein domains formation in the cell membranes which are formed in the process of cell hydration is shown for the first time. A new method of quantitative estimation of value of module of isotropic tension of membranes of rat hepatocytes is theoretically substantiated and practically realized. The peculiarities of hypotonic lysis of rat hepatocytes are studied. The results of this work can be used for the optimal planning, analysis, interpretation and systematization of experimental data about extracellular substance capture by cells by means of endocytosis, for the increase of influence efficiency of medicines on the human organism.