Kolomiets Y. Metabolites of bacteria of Pseudomonas genus as the selective factor of resistance of sugar beet to bacterial diseases

The thesis is devoted to the studying of the possibility of usage of cell breeding and induced mutagenesis for increasing sugar beet resistance to Pseudomonas bacterial diseases. The work shows that the medium Murasige-Scoog supplemented with 0,4 mg/l 6-BAP і 2,0 mg/l NAA is the most optimal for inducing callus genesis on explantants of sugar beet varieties and hybrids. LPSP of P. syringae pv. аptata 8544 and P. wieringae 7922 extracted by 0,85% solution of sodium chloride have typical for bacteria of this species chemical composition. It is shown that warmed cells and cultural filtrate P. wieringae and P. syringae pv. аptata display their phytotoxic characteristics and can be used for pathogen resistance breeding. High-performance mutagens of gamma-irradiation and N-nitroso-N-metilurea induce alterations in the cells that allowed these cells to grow in the breeding medium with high concentration of phytotoxic metabolites. Sublethal concentrations of warmed cells and N-nitroso-N-metilurea cause ploidylevel alternations of the callus line cells and that causes tissue polyploidisation. The activity of plants, which were received as the result of breeding in the breeding media, is 2 - 2,5 times higher in comparison with the plants of the control set. The plants, received with cell breeding method with the help of warmed cells and N-nitroso-N-metilurea, were characterized by the highest resistance.