Bugara I. Induced morphogenesis and clonal micropropagation of perspective mint varieties

The work is devoted to elaboration of biotechnological methods and biotechnological scheme of the clonal micropropagation of varieties mint Simferopolskaya 200, Zagrava, Ukrainskaya perechnaya, Dvuhukosnaya and Prilukskaya 6 on the basis of the culture of isolated meristems, leaf and stem explants in vitro. The dependence between morphogenesis, regeneration of plants in the culture of isolated meristems and genotype, size of explants, time of material selection (seasonality) and composition of nutrient medium was shown. It was established that plural shoot and root regeneration while cultivating isolated meristems on modified nutrient media Murashige-Skoog, Schenk-Hildenbrandt and Gamborg-Eveleigh occured during one cycle of cultivation, and multiplication coefficient was 1:4,9-1:6,9 depending on variaty. The methods of mint sorts clonal micropropagation on the basis of the culture of isolated leaf and stem explants were elaborated for the first time. It was shown that the culture of leaf and stem explants ensures higher multiplication coefficient (1:11-1:31), than meristem culture. The conditions of callus cultures obtaining from leaf and stem explants were optimized and high level of heterogeneity in cell morphology and DNA content in the intherphase nucleus was detected. The biotechnological scheme of the clonal micropropagation of promising domestic mint varieties, that makes it possible to obtain the necessary quantity of plants with different types of regeneration was developed.