On the basis of clinical investigation and general conclusion of the first-hand results of treatment of 98 patients suffering from nephrolithiasis of the solitary kidney the analysis of indices of homeostasis before and after giving a course of proper treatment according to indications was carried out. Data of general homeostasis before, 3 and 6 months later after conducted treatment were investigated. The 1 group was represented by cases of coralloid nephrolithiasis SK (solitary kidney), II - cases of ureteral calculus SK, III - chronic pyelonephritis in the acute phase, IV - so called "healthy" SK. The control group was represented by 30 persons with two kidneys having no pathology.The carried out analysis has shown that nephrolithiasis more often develops in SK just after nephrectomy during three-five years, especially when the latter was performed on the occasion of urolithiasis. Significant disturbances were determined before performing correction, especially in 1 and FI groups, where for the space of three subsequent months there were some tendencies to improvement, however half a year later the indices were similar to the initial ones. Lowering of suppressible activity of T-lymphocytes and immunoregulatory index, the high level of circulating immune complexes, weakening of phagocytic processes, the high figures of markers of peroxide oxidation of lipoids (malonal dialdehvde, dional conjugates) at lowering markers of antioxidant defense (superoxiddysmutase, catalase) were marked in these groups. Besides, according to data of fermentative, aminoacid and acid-base chains of homeostasis, there were the pronounced disbalance of the latter, which was beyond the correction half a year later. The data of the morphological investigation pointed at the presence of the pronounced pathological changes in the structures of SK, that was confirmed by lowering of indices at dynamic nephroscintigraphy and increasing of vascular peripheral resistance at dopplerography of a kidney. The indices of homeostasis in III group were less shifted, and while performing correction they were improving in fact. According to the data of investigation lowering of the level of calciuria, stable normalization of microbial view of urine, equalization of urine pH, lowering of disbalance of fermentative and aminoacid metabolism, lowering of metabolic acidosis against the background of improvement of equalization of acid-base equilibrium were marked. The indices of immunometabolic homeostasis improved more quickly; activation of phagocytosis passed with more great dynamics, immunodeficiency reduced, tension of peroxide oxidation of lipoids lowered against the background of restoration of antioxidant status. Above-stated findings were confirmed by improvement of partial functions, equalization of indices of dynamic nephroscintigraphy, and improvement of doppler indexes. Nucleomagnetoresonance relaxometry showed more stable positive shifts in water fractions than in the groups with urolithiasis. In IV group the signs of occult pathology, so called "healthy" SK were marked, which manifested in specific morphological changes, which had occured before appearance of functional changes. The latter consisted in insignificant, easily corrected changes of immunometabolic, aminoacid, acid-base homeostasis and definite changes of urine pH, that couldn't show the considerable pathology at radiologic diagnosis. Thus, grounded from scientific point of view, diagnostic potentials of the state of different chains of general homeostasis on condition of its correction were demonstrated in this work. Prophylactic medical examination of patients makes it possible to reveal and correct all changes at the early stage with a view to prevent development of urolithiasis of the solitary acquired kidney. The basic results of this investigation have been widely adopted in therapy of this pathology in the urological departments.
