The object of research:process of management by the competitiveness of enterprises in the Crimean viticulture and winemaking industry. The purpose of research: validation of theoretical and methodological bases and applied aspects of management by the competitiveness of enterprises in the Crimean viticulture and winemaking industry, elaboration of ways of its increasing directed on maintenance of effective development of branch. Methods: regression analysis, pair comparisons, abstractly-logical, comparative and balance, expert estimations, graphic and others. Theoretical and practical results: theoretical and methodological basis of research is the dialectic and system approach to study of economic processes, works of the domestic and foreign scientists on problems of a competition and competitiveness. Research novelty: for the first time is elaborated the technique of estimation of competitiveness of wine production based on combination of organoleptic estimation of qualitative parameters and quantitative measurement of price and not price factors, and technique of an estimation of competitiveness of the enterprises of viticulture and winemaking industry by construction of function for reception of complex parameter of competitiveness; the definition of categories is advanced: “competitiveness of wine production”, which is offered for treating as the integrated characteristic that causing ability of production to satisfy the requirements of the buyers to its components in comparison with goods-analogues; and “the competitiveness of the enterprises of viticulture and winemaking industry”, under which is offered to understand their integrated temporary characteristic determining ability of functioning of the enterprise concerning the direct competitors on basic elements of its competitive potential; system of factors and parameters of estimation competitiveness of wine production with allocation of the price and not price factors, parameters of quality, information, ecological, ergonomic, aesthetic andimage parameters; elements of competitiveness of the enterprises of viticulture and winemaking industry: industrial and technological, personnel, financial and economic, organizational and administrative, marketing, innovation and investment, image; the mechanism of management by competitiveness of wine production; the mechanism of management by competitiveness of the enterprises of viticulture and winemaking industry; have received the further development: a technique of the analysis of a modern condition of viticulture and winemaking industry of Crimea and prospect of its development; strategic directions of increase of management efficiency by competitiveness of the enterprises and production of viticulture and winemaking industry. Degree of introduction: the results of research are used by the Ministry of agrarian politics of Crimea, have found practical application in activity of Sevastopol winemaking factory, joint-stock company “Sonyachna Dolyna” and are used in educational process of Republic highereducational institution “Crimean engineering and pedagogical university” Effectiveness: the introduction of results of research will allow to ensure increase of a management efficiency by competitiveness of the enterprises of viticulture and winemaking industry of Crimea. Sphere, field of use: the Ministry of agrarian politics of Crimea, viticulture and winemaking enterprises.