Shpyg V. Conditions of formation of heavy and prolonged precipitation connected with frontal cloud systems

Thesis is for a scientific degree of a Candidate of Geographic Sciences in the specialty 11.00.09 - Meteorology, Climatology, Agricultural Meteorology. - Geographical Faculty, Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, Kyiv, 2008. This thesis deals with investigation of macro-, meso- and microscale conditions in atmosphere, which were occurred during heavy and prolonged precipitation over Ukraine, and with numerical modelling of mesoscale and microphysics processes, that could affect the precipitation formation in frontal clouds. Typical location of high-altitude frontal zone was considered. It has been established that heavy and prolonged precipitation existed in most cases when deep trough had meridional direction over West and Central Europe. It was obtained a new information about areas of cyclones formation and heavy and prolonged precipitation over different regions of Ukraine, which was conducted with their movement. In the first time numerical modelling was used for research of heavy and prolonged precipitation over Carpathian territory of Ukraine. It was obtained data about mesoscale and microphysics characteristics of frontal cloudiness in such cases, about relations of precipitation sums with initial distribution of cloud particles and with presence and intensity of different processes of precipitation formation. The possibility of precipitation sums decreasing in the cases of heavy and prolonged precipitation over Carpathian Mountains with the help of weather modification was considered. As a result of series of numerical experiments it was obtained conclusion about inefficiency of weather modification in such cases.