Remenuk Y. Productivity of the rotation course with different methods of soil cultivation under conditions of the Northern part of the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine

The thesis deals with the results of field and laboratory studies carried auf in a stationary field experiment; there was theoretically grounded the influence of systems of basic soil cultivation on indexes of productivity of a rotation course and soil fertility. There was investigated the influence of ways of basic soil cultivation in the course of grain-beet rotation: occupied fallow - winter wheat - sugar beet - on fertility of typical leached chernozem, infestation with weed components of agrophytocoenosis, growth, development, yields and quality of the crops, economic and energetic indexes. On the basis of results of analysis it was established that, with systematic use of blade cultivator, shallow plowing and chiseling in the rotation, density of soil increased during vegetation of winter wheat and sugar beet. Stabilization of aggregate soil composition takes place with the use of moldboard systems of soil cultivation, while with nonmoldboard methods, on the contrary, soil aggregates are broken.The use of combinated soil cultivation in the rotation (shallow plowing with nonmoldboard loosening "Paraplow" for sugar beet and plowing to the depth of 20-22 cm for other crops) guarantees the increase of humus content in soil layers of 0-10 cm and 0-30 cm, and the least losses of humus were observed. Hith productivity of grain-beet rotation is ensured by the system of soil cultivation which includes the combination of shallow plowing to the depth of 12-14 cm with nonmoldboard loosening "Paraplow" to 30-32 for sugar beet and plowing to the depth of 20-22 cm for other crops.