Vasylenko O. Estimation of the elements of technology of sweet basil growing in the Right-bank Forest-steppe zone of Ukraine

The dissertation deals with the studying of the Ukrainian varieties and the substantiation of technological methods of sweet basil growing. The optimum terms of seed sowing and outdoor transplanting, the method of growing seedlings, the optimum planting schemes in accordance with mechanized treatment of plants are defined. The changes of biometrical indices and their influence on net productivity of photosynthesis, biochemical composition of yield and number of essential oils are considered. The biggest yielding capacity of sweet basil is obtained at growing varieties Siaivo and Krymskyi fioletovyi whiсh on the average provided a substantial increase to the control of 10,3 ton per hectare and 5,6 ton per hectare respectively. It is proved, that when the sowing of seed sweet basil takes place in the third decade of March it is most expedient to use cassettes with 6x6 cm cells and to transplant seedlingsoutdoor during the second decade of May. It is allows to get additional 8,3 ton per hectare green and 1,2 ton per hectare dry mass with level of profitability of production 76 %, which is confirmed by other calculation of economic efficiency and bioenergetical estimation. On the average for the period of 2006-2008 the higher yield was obtained by using band planting schemes. The plant density of 111 thousand per hectare with (40+40+60)x20 cm scheme proved to be optimum. For the first time it was found that he increase of the density of sweet basil plants per unit of land under crop is accompanied by raising yielding capacity of plants to a certain limit and at placing 140 thousands of plants per hectare the raising of yielding capacity ceases. The main results of the research were tested in real field conditions and were recommended for practical application.