Semak O. The dramatic art of the Ukrainian diaspora of the first part of the XXth century: the system of conflicts and characters.

The thesis presents the research of the system of conflicts and characters depicted in the dramatic art of the Ukrainian diaspora of the first part of the XXth century. In the process of the analysis the question of the themes and conceptional aesthetical filling of the conflict, its connection with genre, composition and dramatic action is found out. The plays of diaspora are divided into three groups: historical, personal-psychological and social. Conflicts of these plays include such questions as a personality and total systems, existing of the separate man on the background of all nation, searching of vital values, feelings of the man in the bordering situation. Ideological basis of the conflicts is determined with national values and promotes two main groups: ideas of national-state directions and existional ideas. Literary process has its own evolution - from realism to the theatre of absurdity. At the beginning of the 30th the phenomenon of the returning to the baroque with its powerful level of comprehending of human existence takes place in the plays of Y. Kosach, Y. Lypa, I. Cholgan. Stylistics potential of baroque became a step to the theatre of absurdity. Changing of the composition is connected with the category of conflict. Writers use free or cutting composition when separate conflicts of each episode create the conflict with global meaning. The speech of the author becomes one of the methods of exposing of the conflict. The category of conflict which deepens into inner life of the character determines riches of genres. Genres-hybrids become more popular. Filling the conflict with the existence problems gives a new life to the small dramatic forms: a dialogue, a joke, a dramatic scene. Comedy conflict with existence direction displays in new genre forms such as the merry-go-round-tale, the literary-dramatic cabaret. The structure of the conflict is caused with the dramatic action. Inner and exterior actions interplace promoting and the spreading of the radius of the conflict. Displaying of the opposite sides of conflict occurs through dispute which presents ideological opposing. The problem of special features of creating of characters in the plays of the signified period is investigated. Creating of the national characters is realized with the help of the notice, the monologue and the dialogue. Notice in works of I. Bahriany, M. Chyrsky, L. Kovalenko displays author's conceptions of character and raises them to the symbol of the Ukrainian nation. Notice depicts Ukrainian character and comments its features in the plays of I. Cholgan, V. Sofroniv-Levytsky, V. Chaplenko. It adds the inner monologue of the heroe showing his spiritual life in dramatic playwrights of Y.Lypa. The monologue gives the opportunity to distinguish two spaces in the construction of types - combining of national and universal. Moreover universal features represent national features which are considered the basic ones. Authors search for type of the national leader who can combine all the nation. Different types of expressing show the level of the influence of foreign cultures. Up to now unknown plays are enlisted to scientific circulation.