Burlaka V. Phyllosticktosis of apple-trees and the improvement of the protective measures in the Central Forest-Steppe Zone of Ukraine

This dissertation deals with the investigation of the development, spreading and harmful influence of the phyllosticktosis agent of apple-trees - Ph. mali Prill. et Del., depending on the ecological factors in the Central Forest-Steppe Zone of Ukraine as well as the improvement of the protecting systems of perennial industrial plantings of apple-trees. The connection between the meteorological conditions and the development of this disease has been proved. The biological and ecological properties of the Ph. mali Prill. et Del., agent have been investigated. The dynamics of the development of this disease for the varieties with different resistance have been explored. The way of hibertating of the agent has been investigated as well as spring renewal. The phyllosticktosis influence on the metabolic process has been determined. The rational system of the protection of the perenniall apple-trees based on the traditional system was developed. It is directed towards the application of the new effective preparations and agrotechnical measures: the crown formation according to the horizontal trained cordon and upright cordon, summer cutting back and keeping the rows free from planting. The biological efficiency of this system of protection against phyllosticktosis of apple-trees as well as its influence on the increasing of yield and its quality has been demonstrated. The economic profit of this system has been substantiated. The estimation of the resistance of 94 varieties and 8 hybrid apple forms has been introduced in this work.