Kanivets S. Opolya chernozem soils of the right bank area of the Desna river: genetic properties, classification and fertility

Object - conformities to natural laws of the formation and the genetic nature of dark-colored soils Opolya Right Bank of the Desna River. Purpose - to investigate close the general appropriateness of soil-forming processes development in the formation of dark-colored soils Opolya Right Bank of the Desna river (chernozems opolsky), to classify them and to recommend necessary measures to increase of their fertility. Methods - field experiments, laboratory and analytical research, methods of mathematical statistics. Theoretical results - a relationship between the nature of parent rocks, the type of natural vegetation and its historical dynamics. Proved the eternal existences from time immemorial are meadow-steppe areas with the appropriate climate and chernozem soils. Founded that intensive irrigate of chernozems opolsky led to the formation of unstable humus, and secular soil plowing caused the formation of humus-accumulative two-term horizon. Practical results - the studies provide the basis for the interpretation of soil-forming processes in the formation of dark-colored soils of Chernigov and N-Siversky Polesye. The results of these investigations can be used to improve the soils diagnosis and classification, in the correction of soil maps, for the development of management measures and improvement of soil fertility in the course of the agricultural industrial grouping soils of Polesye and land evaluation works, as well as the introduction to the educational process. Novelty - it is proved that the Right Bank of the Desna River on the interval Chernigiv-Sosnitsya is not typical of mixed forests subzone, and is part of the transitional belt between the Polesye and Forest-steppe, where Polesye outwash sands fields alternate with loess Forest-steppe landscapes of the loess areas. Proved scientifically that in Opolya's occur mainly chernozems leached, chernozems podzolized and first described by us in Ukraine - chernozems with degraded arable horizon. Demonstrated their identity and prove their polygenetic character. The necessity to provide chernozem leached opolsky subtype level has been theoretically substantiated. Chernozems podzolized opolsky should also be allocated to individual subtype. The necessity of the new agricultural industrial groups for these soils it is proved. Degree of application - results of investigations used in the centers of Chernigiv regional state technological center of soils fertility protection and products qualities "Oblderzhrodyuchist" in the work on agro-ecological assessment of agricultural land use, by Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokuchaev and agriculture faculty of the Chernigiv State Institute of Economics and Management in the educational activity. Were recommend for implementation in centers of regional state technological center of soils fertility protection and products qualities in the transitional zone between the Polesye and Forest-steppe, and for introduction to the educational process of agronomic, environmental, geographical and biological specialties. The field is agriculture and science education.