Gaidash I. Pathogenetic peculiarities of immune, metabolic, microcirculatory disorders development in children, ill with acute community-acquired pneumonia

The thesis is dedicated to the establishment of pathogenetic features of immune, metabolic, microcirculatory disorders development in children, ill with acute pneumonia. For the first time at children, ill with acute pneumonia, disorders of the peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosomal structures are in details investigated depend-ing on the period and on the severity of disease. It is established, that children with pneumonia develop T-lymphopenia, decrease in the contents of natural killers, hypersuppressory variant of immunodeficiency, phagocytosis of neutrophils and monocytes is inhibited; increase of the contents of circulating immune complexes (with imbalance in their fractional structure - prevalence of most pathogenic small and average complexes), interleukins-1,-6,-8, tumor necrosis factor, interferon, deficiency in blood of A and M classes antibodies. The metabolic disorders are characterized by changes of prooxidant-antioxidant and eucosanoid systems, decrease in peripheral blood erythrocyte energetic potential and change in system of leukocyte cyclic nucleotides are revealed. Disorders of microcirculation at children are in details described, expressiveness and duration of which depends on the severity and the period of illness. Criteria for an estimation of therapy efficiency and completeness of recovery of children ill with acute pneumonia are developed. The received data are used in the educational process of Microbiology and Pathological Physiology departments of medical high school of Ukraine.