Object - regularities of influence of permanent applying fertilizers on changes of humus state, agrochemical indices of sward - podsol soil and crop capacity of winter rye grain. Purpose - to establish regularities of humus state changes and agrochemical indices of sward - podsol superficially gleized sandy loam soil during permanent (35 years) applying of lime , manure and mineral fertilizers and to optimize fertilizing system, which will provide high crop capacity of agricultural crops and increasing of soil fertility. Methods - field method in conditions of stationary test, laboratory - analytical methods of research , chemical analysis of soil and plant material according to standardized methods, methods of economical and statistic information treatment. Theoretical results - the optimal fertilizing system which improves humus state, agrochemical soil properties and provides high level of winter rye crop capacity is proved. The influence of different fertilizing systems on seasonal dynamics of labile part of organic substance of soil and its migration and nutrients according to soil profile was studied. Practical results - the carried out researches allowed to estimate the influence of different fertilizing systems on humus state, agrochemical soil properties, crop capacity and grain quality of winter rye and to recommend optimal fertilizing systems for implementation into production. Combination of manure and mineral fertilizers on limed background is the most scientifically proved of fertilizer system. Novelty - At first for the conditions of sward - podsol soil of Western Polissya in permanent test was determined , that on the background of liming, application of 15,6 tones of manure and N67Р37К90 on 1 hectare of crop rotation area provides increasing of humus contents from 1,39 to 1,55% and increases nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium contents on 4,7; 15,0 and 18,7 mg/100 g of soil accordingly. Twice decreased manure norm and mineral fertilizers stabilizes humus contents in comparison with primary one and increases nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on 1,3; 7,5 and 11 mg/100 g of soil. The descending migration of movable phosphorus till depth 60-70 cm and movable potassium till the depth of 70-120 cm with high satiation of crop rotation by fertilizers was revealed .It was determined that the best dose of mineral fertilizers under winter rye on the background of aftereffect of liming and manure is N45Р25К50 and N90Р50К100, what provides crop capacity increasing on 17,3 і 18,7 c/h. Degree of application - basic results of research were implemented in 2004-2005 years in the Agricultural Productive Cooperative Society named after L. Ukrainka of Lutsk district of Volyn region on the square of 20 hectare and in 2005 in Research Farming "Rokyni " of Kovel district of Volyn region on the square of 200 hectare . The field is agricultural.
