Antal T. Dependence of wheat durum productivity on cultivation technology elements under conditions of Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Peculiarities of durum spring wheat productivity formation depending on cultivation technology elements, such as fertilization system which based on variable application rates are stated in the theses. Technological factors, weather conditions and duration of plant growth and development stages determines intensity of shape-generating processes, that results in enlarging of linear size, dry matter accumulation, formation of leaves area and its functional activity. Varieties of durum spring wheat positively react on nutrition elements, their applications at different organogenesis stages and increasing of mineral fertilizers doses. According to protein content and falling number, grain, depending of mineral fertilizers rates and differentiation of its application belong to 1-5, hyalinity - 1-3, nature - 1-4 quality classes. Depending on paternal plants nutrition system average germination energy make up 73-82% and germination ability 86-98%. Best germination energy and germination ability parameters forms with medium mineral fertilization. Spring durum wheat cultivars productivity level under conditions of Right-bank Forest-Steppe on 52% determines by fertilization system, 12% - weather conditions, 8% - cultivar and make up 1.68-6.01 t/ha. The highest yield both cultivars forms with application of N120P120K120 and N120P120K120+N30IV make up 5.57 and 5.65 for Isolda and 5.10 and 5.19 t/ha for Bukuria cultivar. Spring durum wheat cultivars cultivation technology elements are substantiated taking into consideration their husbandry, economy and energy efficiency. According to research results developed and implemented in production spring durum wheat cultivation technology, which allow to obtain grain yield at range 5.5-6.0 t/ha. The highest profit is gained on variant with mineral fertilizers application rate N90P90K90. Energy consumption per hectare differentiates depending on fertilizers rates.