Galona Y. Aggression and Cruelty in the Context of the Anthropology of Violence

The object: philosophical and anthropological dimension of violence. The goal of the work: understanding of the philosophical and anthropological dimension of the phenomenon of violence and its discursive representations. Methods: genealogical, comparative, discourse analysis, textual. Results: set up a typology of violence, which consists of two types (aggression and violence) and that is corresponding to the conceptual differences between ethological concept of K. Lorenz and R. Girard’s anthropological concept; four historical sociocultural representations of violence is analyzed (Jewish, Greek, Roman and Christian), and their influence on the formation of modern European reception of this phenomenon; identified two forms of philosophical poetics of violence and shown that they organize two anthropological models of reading, designated as "partner" and "spy". The obtained results may be used in teaching courses on the philosophical anthropology, cultural studies, psychology and philosophy of literature.