Gurmanchuk O. Golden potato cyst nematode and means of its extension control in Polissya zone Ukraine

The dissertation for a science degree of candidate of agrarian sciences in specialty 06.01.11. - phytopathology. - National university of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2011. As a result of research conducted in Polissya zone Ukraine cyst potato nematode was found in 16 districts of Zhytomyr oblast out of investigated 23. It was found in Andrushivka, Brusyliv, Vol.-Volynskyy, Lyubar, Ruzhyn, Chervonoarmiysk, Chernyakhiv and Chudniv districts. On 67.4% of areas contaminated with Globodera rostochiensis phytohelminths their number was small (up to 1000 l+e/100cm3 of soil), on 17.4% - average (up to 5000 l+e/100cm3 of soil), on 15.2% - high (more than 5000 l+e/100cm3 of soil). The research of influence caused by plants-non-feeders on potato nematode proved high efficiency of growing red clover - 67.7%, timothy grass - 63.5% and lucerne - 61.4% for cleaning soil of golden potato nematode within one vegetation period. It was ascertained that use of enlarged dose of manure (80 t/ha) for potatoes decreased number of phytohelminths in soil to 1,7-2,7% in comparison to application of 60 t/ha, and addition yield of potatoes was at the level of 1,4-2,0 t/ha. Application of 20 t/ha of cattle manure decreased density of pathogen in soil to 9,7-10,3%, productivity increased by 2,4-2,6 t/ha. It was found that Antykhrushch and Caesar are the most efficient insecticides against phytohelminths, their use for Svitanok kyivskyy kind ensured decrease of nematode number in soil by 25.4 and 24.2% respectively. Minimum potato nematode-suppressing effect was displayed after use of Rembek preparation. The most efficient nematode-soil-cleaning effect was observed when growing potato kinds Dnipryanka, Obriy, Dobrochyn, Vodogray, Bella rosa, where number of Globodera rostochiensis in soil decreased by 66,9-75,7%. Kinds Vodogray, Dobrochyn, Obriy, Poran, Fantasia had the highest yield and other economical-price characteristics on badly invaded soils and displayed golden potato nematode tolerance thus may be suggested for growing on soils invaded with pathogen. It was ascertained that growing golden potato nematode-stable kinds of potato for three years is very efficient. Such method showed that soil is cleaned from pathogen by 92.4% (Teteriv) - 99.0% (Leleka).